Production components of sunflower plants irrigated with treated domestic wastewater and drinking water in semiarid region

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate production components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants irrigated with domestic wastewaters treated by different processes, with two irrigation depths. The experiment was carried out in Ibimirim, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, using a randomized block design in a 4×2 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The treatments consisted of four irrigation water types (domestic wastewater treated by UASB reactor - DW1; domestic wastewater treated by digestion decanter and anaerobic filtration - DW2; domestic wastewater treated by anaerobic filtration - DW3; and public water - PW4) and two irrigation depths (equal to the crop evapotranspiration - ID1; and 20% higher than the crop evapotranspiration - ID2). The production components-plant fresh and dry weights, 1000-achene weight, capitulum internal diameter, achene yield, oil content, and oil yield-were evaluated at the end of the crop cycle. The irrigation with treated domestic wastewater improved all variables analyzed when compared to the drinking water, especially when using DW2 and DW3 with ID1.

Organic and mineral fertilization determining the agronomic performance of sunflower cultivars and soil chemical attributes

“…Chemical composition of the soil in the 0-0.20 m layer the sunflower cultivars had an oil concentration of 11.80% (Table 3). Although sunflower plants can have oil levels of up to 38.90% (Dantas et al, 2019), three sunflower cultivars (Nusol 4170, Sany 66, and Nusol 4140) produced oil levels lower than 15% (Table 3). According to Thomaz et al (2012), when sunflowers are sown as a second crop (February or March), flowering begins during the low rainfall period, which compromises the filling of achenes and oil accumulation (Mostafa & Afify, 2022).…”