Potencial fertilizante da serapilheira de espécies lenhosas da Caatinga na recuperação de um solo degradado

Abstract

The use of litterfall of Caatinga species in the recovery of degraded soils is an interesting alternative to contribute to the return of nutrients to the soil, favoring the cycling of elements and the improvement of fertility. The aim was to measure the effects of the application of leaf litter fraction of eight Caatinga species on the fertility of a degraded soil and the production of sorghum, which was the plant tested. A completely randomized block design with five treatments and five replications was used, with litterfall doses equivalent to 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha -1 of N for each species. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a Planosol collected in a degraded area in Irauçuba -CE, Brazil. We collected leaves of Combretum leprosum Mart., Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth., Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir., Libidibia férrea (Mart. ExTul.) L.P. Queiroz, Poncianella piramydalis (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz, Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart, Cordia oncocalyx Allemão, and Croton sonderianus Muell. Arg., with no sign of decomposition. At 75 days following germination, the plants were cut and dried in an oven for the quantification of the dry mass and total N and RESUMO ABSTRACT Potencial fertilizante da serapilheira de espécies lenhosas da Caatinga na recuperação de um solo degradado 1 O uso da serapilheira de espécies da Caatinga, na recuperação de solos degradados, é uma alternativa interessante por contribuir para o retorno de nutrientes para o solo e favorecer a ciclagem de elementos e a melhoria da fertilidade. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, mensurar os efeitos da aplicação de doses da fração folhas, da serapilheira de oito espécies da Caatinga, sobre a fertilidade de um solo degradado e a produção de sorgo. Adotou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições, com doses de serapilheira, equivalentes a 0, 15, 30, 60 e 120 kg ha -1 de N, por espécie. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se um Planossolo Nátrico Órtico coletado em área degradada do município de Irauçuba, CE. Coletaram-se folhas, sem sinal de decomposição, de Combretum leprosum Mart., Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth., Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir., Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ExTul.) L.P. Queiroz, Poncianella piramydalis (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz, Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart, Cordia oncocalyx Allemão e Croton sonderianus Muell. Arg. Aos 75 dias após a germinação, realizou-se o corte das plantas, sua secagem e a quantificação da matéria seca e a análise de N-total e do acúmulo de N. A amostragem do solo foi feita após o corte do sorgo. O incremento das doses dos resíduos de mofumbo, jucá, catingueira, pereiro e pau-branco elevou as concentrações de P, K, Ca e Mg, o resíduo de marmeleiro acidificou o solo. Jurema e pau-branco elevaram a produção de biomassa do sorgo e o acúmulo de N.Palavras-chave: fertilidade do solo; resíduos orgânicos; Sorghum bicolor.

Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart. (Fabaceae) Phytochemistry, Ethnobotany, and Bioactivities: A Review

“…The C. ferrea leaf litter was used to evaluate its fertilizing potential against Sorghum bicolor L. (Sorgo) cultures, where following a period of 75 days the C. ferrea litter increased potassium, calcium, and magnesium soil content; however, it did not increase the dry matter production of the S. bicolor L. aerial part [ 95 ].…”

Tree legumes with fertilizer potential: a multivariate approach

“…Techniques that stock organic matter in the soil and improve its fertility, such as the use of crushed plant residues, litter, green manure with tree pruning as occurs in agroforestry systems, among others, assume great importance in agriculture practiced in the semi-arid region, especially for farmers who have low investment capacity, as it is timely to use inputs obtained in rural property (PRIMO et al, 2018).…”

“…Although green manuring is an ancient management practice, there are still few studies showing the fertilizer potential of tree legume species in the northeastern semiarid region that can support the indication of those that most favor the improvement of soil chemical attributes and the development and nutrition of agricultural crops (OLIVEIRA et al, 2018;PRIMO et al, 2018), especially with multivariate data analysis. Multivariate analysis is a set of statistical procedures that allow simultaneously evaluating several variables of a sample or population.…”

The influence of forest litter on the endomicorritic fungi community in a natural regeneration area in São Paulo State, Brazil

“…The use of biological methods such as nucleation in the restoration of areas is an economical and efficient way to promote restoration or even recovery of these areas (Almeida 2016). The increase in serapillera favors the cycling of nutrients, the improvement of soil fertility (Primo et al 2018), and can contribute to the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that interact with plants and increase the efficiency in nutrient absorption by the root system (Almeida 2016, House & Bever 2018). Mycorrhizae can be severely influenced by damage to vegetation and soil caused by natural processes or human intervention (Brundrett et al 1985, House & Bever 2018.…”