The orchid bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossina) in a forest fragment from western Paraná state, Brazil

Abstract

The orchid bees (hymenopTera, apidae, euglossina) in a foresT fragmenT from wesTern paraná sTaTe, brazil rodrigo b. gonçalves 1,2 vanessa l. scherer 1 priscila s. oliveira 1 absTracT An orchid bee inventory was carried out in Parque Estadual São Camilo, Palotina, Paraná (Brazil); conservation unit with about 400 hectares of Semidecidual Seasonal forest. Three bait traps were installed at the border of the fragment, each one containing the following fragrances: 1,8-cineole, eugenol, and vanilin. Sampling was carried out from 09 am to 03 pm, October 2011 to June 2012, summing up nine sampling days. A total of 186 specimens distributed among seven species were sampled. Eufriesea violacea with 140 specimens was the most common species, followed by Euglossa fimbriata (31), Euglossa annectans (9), Eulaema nigrita (4), Euglossa cordata (1), Euglossa pleosticta (1), and Exaerete smaragdina (1). According to qualitative and NMDS analysis, the orchid bee fauna of Parque Estadual São Camilo is representative of Semidecidual Seasonal forest, with richness comparable with other assemblages in the southern distribution of Euglossina. The sampled bee richness indicates that forest fragments, even small and isolated, are important in the conservation of this bees.

Orchid bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) are seasonal in Seasonal Semideciduous Forest fragments, southern Brazil

“…Regarding the newly sampled sites (C and D), the orchid bee richness was similar to results found in the other areas, as Gonçalves et al (2014b) (Guérin, 1844). Richness and abundance of orchid bees in southern Atlantic forests are smaller than those from the northern Atlantic and Amazonian forests, what had already been shown by the negative correlation of orchid bees and the Neotropical latitudinal gradient of species richness (Sydney et al, 2010).…”

“…Sites A-C are fragments in a soybean and corn crop matrix, while site D is a fragment inside the urban area of Palotina, a small city with 31,564 inhabitants (IBGE, 2018). Detailed information regarding sites A and B are presented in Gonçalves et al (2014b) and Gonçalves et al (2014a), respectively.…”

Continuous Micro-Environments Associated Orchid Bees Benefit from an Atlantic Forest Remnant, Paraná State, Brazil

“…Recently, Ferronato et al (2017) investigated the Euglossini community in native and reforested forests and they observed that some species of orchid bees seem to indicate a better quality of habitat, besides the possible reintegration of the bee community from the reforested forests being favored by native forest. Although studies comparing the richness and abundance of Euglossini among several forest fragments are not scarce Aguiar et al, 2014;Gonçalves et al, 2014;Giangarelli et al, 2015;Ferronato et al, 2017), very little is known about the distribution of these species in microenvironments, mainly comparing the micro-environments mosaic within the primary and secondary forest and if the distribution of the species affect the attractiveness of the essences in these different micro-environments.…”

“…diversity of orchid bees at multiple scales (ecological and molecular level) are common in the Neotropical region (Raw, 1989;Silveira et al, 2011;Boff et al, 2014;Gonçalves et al, 2014;Eltz et al, 2015;Giangarelli et al, 2015;Penha et al, 2015;McCravy et al, 2016) because orchid bee males are easily attracted to chemical compounds (Dodson et al, 1969).…”

“…In South America, the Atlantic Forest (AF) is known to wide host bee diversity. Approximately 50 species of Euglossini have been already recorded to this ecosystem Milet-Pinheiro & Schlindwein, 2005;Nemésio, 2009;Cordeiro et al, 2012;Gonçalves et al, 2014;Ferronato et al, 2017). Although orchid bee fauna is considered to be diverse in the AF, their communities seem to depend on the traits of local environment (Moreira et al, 2015).…”