Prevalence of obesity among stroke patients in five Brazilian cities: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: There is gap in knowledge about obesity prevalence in stroke patients from low-and middle-income countries. Therefore, we aimed to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity status among patients with incident stroke in Brazil. Methods: In a crosssectional study, we measured the body mass index (BMI) of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. The sample was extracted in 2016, from the cities of Sobral (CE), Sertãozinho (SP), Campo Grande (MS), Joinville (SC) and Canoas (RS). Results: In 1,255 patients with first-ever strokes, 64% (95% CI, 62-67) were overweight and 26% (95%CI, 24-29) were obese. The obesity prevalence ranged from 15% (95%CI, 9-23) in Sobral to 31% (95%CI, 18-45) in Sertãozinho. Physical inactivity ranged from 53% (95%CI, 43-63) in Sobral to 80% (95%CI, 73-85) in Canoas. Conclusions: The number of overweight patients with incident stroke is higher than the number of patients with stroke and normal BMI. Although similar to other findings in high-income countries, we urgently need better policies for obesity prevention.Keywords: obesity; prevalence; stroke, epidemiology; cross-sectional studies RESUMO Objetivo: Há uma lacuna de conhecimento sobre a prevalência de obesidade em pacientes com AVC (acidente vascular cerebral) de países de baixa e média renda. Portanto, objetivamos medir a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade entre pacientes com AVC no Brasil. Métodos: Em um estudo transversal, medimos o índice de massa corporal (IMC) em pacientes com AVC isquêmico e hemorrágico. A amostra foi extraída em 2016, nas cidades de Sobral (CE), Sertãozinho (SP), Campo Grande (MS), Joinville (SC) e Canoas (RS). Resultados: Entre 1255 casos de AVC, 64% (95%CI, 62-67) apresentavam sobrepeso e 26% (95%CI, 24-29) obesidade. A prevalência de obesidade variou de 15% (95%CI, 9-23) em Sobral a 31% (95%CI, 18-45) em Sertãozinho. Conclusões: A quantidade de pacientes com AVC e IMC anormal é maior do que a de pacientes com AVC e IMC normal. Embora esta prevalência seja similar às de países de alta renda, precisamos urgentemente de melhores políticas de prevenção da obesidade. Atividade física deveria ser parte da prescrição médica.Palavras-chave: obesidade; prevalência; acidente vascular cerebral, epidemiologia; estudos transversais Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with at least 2.8 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese 1 . Once associated with high-income countries, obesity is now also prevalent in low-and middle-income countries 1 . In Brazil, a study by the Ministry of Health in 2011, showed that 48% of the population was either overweight (33%) or obese (15%) 2 . In 2006, these figures were 22.7% and 11.4% 2,3 . Because obesity is believed to cause a number of established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, the growing prevalence of obesity is assumed to increase the global cardiovascular disease burden 4 . For instance, in adults, the risk for ischemic stroke increases almost linear...

Analysis of the exposure to risk factors for strokes of the high-risk population in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province of China

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