Cognitive deficits in post-stroke aphasia

Bonini, Milena Vaz; Radanovic, Márcia

doi:10.1590/0004-282x20150133

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Although some patients in the SAH group did not present aphasic characteristics, the poor performance of patients with aphasia promoted a decrease in the mean of this group. This poor verbal fluency performance corroborates the findings of a recent study that showed a decrease in the performance of aphasic individuals compared with that of a control group in the tasks of verbal fluency and memory (26) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Caracterização das afasias na hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática

Maranhão

Souza

Costa

et al. 2018

CoDAS

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RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o perfil dos quadros afásicos determinados pela hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática (HSA) da artéria cerebral média esquerda. Método Estudo analítico, retrospectivo, transversal, tendo como banco de dados as avaliações cognitivas de 193 pacientes do Hospital da Restauração com HSA aneurismática no período de março de 2007 a novembro de 2009. Destes, foram selecionados 26 pacientes com HSA em território da ACM-E, confirmada por angiografia digital. Os quadros afásicos foram classificados através do desempenho da linguagem dos pacientes através do Protocolo Montreal Toulose - Versão Alpha e a tarefa de fluência verbal da bateria CERAD. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de junho a agosto de 2015. Resultados Foi identificado comprometimento da linguagem e fluência verbal nos pacientes com HSA em território de ACM–E quando comparados com a população controle (50 indivíduos). Dos 26 pacientes com HSA, 11 apresentaram quadros afásicos ainda no período pré-operatório. Conclusão Os resultados da pesquisa corroboram com a literatura, mostrando que o quadro da HSA promove comprometimentos cognitivos ainda na fase pré-operatória para oclusão de aneurisma. Tendo em vista os aspectos observados, os quadros afásicos predominantes caracterizam afasia de compreensão por sequelas nas áreas cerebrais posteriores.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Caracterização das afasias na hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática

Maranhão

Souza

Costa

et al. 2018

CoDAS

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“…Overt dementia syndrome with patients showing dependence in activities of daily living, not due to motor deficit, was also considered among the relevant variables. If cognition was not feasibly accessible (due to aphasia), the subject was considered not having it, as long as they maintained independence in activities of daily living and did not perform poorly on an executive function test such as the trail making test [14] (also routinely evaluated at our rehabilitation program). Bladder (incontinence or retention) and bowel (constipation or incontinence) dysfunction after stroke were also assessed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and Stroke Recurrence in a Rehabilitation Cohort of Patients with Cerebral Infarcts and Chagas Disease

et al. 2018

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Background: Chagas disease is related to ischemic stroke (IS), although few epidemiological studies have evaluated the associated mortality and recurrence. Our objective is to determine factors associated with mortality and recurrence of IS in patients with IS and Chagas disease. Methods: We retrospectively studied data obtained from electronic medical records of patients admitted at SARAH Hospitals across Brazil between 2009 and 2013. Using Cox regression analysis for mortality and logistic regression for recurrence, we assessed primary population characteristics and statistical associations between risk factors and outcomes. Results: We analyzed 279 patients who were followed up until 2016. The mean age at stroke onset was 61 with a 10% frequency of death. Multivariate analysis assessing mortality demonstrated that the associated factors were age at stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04), initial modified Rankin Scale (mRS; HR 20.91), bladder dysfunction (HR 2.51), diabetes mellitus (DM; HR 3.64), and alcoholism (HR 3.37). Multivariate analysis assessing recurrence demonstrated that the associated factors were age at ictus (OR 0.96), cognitive deficit (OR 0.44), initial mRS (OR 1.84), cardioembolic etiology (OR 2.47), and female sex (OR 2.73). Conclusions: Cardiac conditions did not correlate with mortality or recurrence. Age was a protective factor against recurrence, probably due to cumulative risk of IS over time, while initial mRS was associated with both outcomes. Treating diseases such as DM and bladder dysfunction, and early treatment to reduce the initial mRS could potentially prevent both outcomes; also, establishing a correct etiological diagnosis is important.

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“…The MD network might be especially plastic in this way, given that it flexibly supports diverse behaviors and modulates its responses based on current task demands (e.g., Freedman et al, 2001;Cromer et al, 2010;Jackson et al, 2016;Kumano et al, 2016). Recent behavioral (e.g., Martin & Allen, 2008;Corbett et al, 2009;El Hachioui et al, 2014;Bonini & Radanovic, 2015;Villard & Kiran, 2016;Simic et al, 2017;Wall et al, 2017) and neuroimaging (e.g., Brownsett et al, 2014;Geranmayeh et al, 2016Geranmayeh et al, , 2017Sims et al, 2016;Meier et al, 2016;Stockert et al, 2020) studies have begun to suggest a possible role for the MD network in recovery from aphasia (see Hartwigsen, 2018, for a review). Related evidence comes from increases in the MD network's activity during language processing in aging (e.g., Wingfield & Grossman, 2006).…”

Section: Other Populations?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The domain-general multiple demand (MD) network does not support core aspects of language comprehension: a large-scale fMRI investigation

Diachek

Blank

Siegelman

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AbstractAside from the language-selective left-lateralized fronto-temporal network, language comprehension sometimes additionally recruits a domain-general bilateral fronto-parietal network implicated in executive functions: the multiple demand (MD) network. However, the nature of the MD network’s contributions to language comprehension remains debated. To illuminate the role of this network in language processing, we conducted a large-scale fMRI investigation using data from 30 diverse word and sentence comprehension experiments (481 unique participants, 678 scanning sessions). In line with prior findings, the MD network was active during many language tasks. Moreover, similar to the language-selective network, which is robustly lateralized to the left hemisphere, these responses were stronger in the left-hemisphere MD regions. However, in stark contrast with the language-selective network, the MD network responded more strongly (i) to lists of unconnected words than to sentences, and critically, (ii) in paradigms with an explicit task compared to passive comprehension paradigms. In fact, many passive comprehension tasks failed to elicit a response above the fixation baseline in the MD network, in contrast to strong responses in the language-selective network. In tandem, these results argue against a role for the MD network in core aspects of sentence comprehension like inhibiting irrelevant meanings or parses, keeping intermediate representations active in working memory, or predicting upcoming words or structures. These results align with recent evidence of relatively poor tracking of the linguistic signal by the MD regions during naturalistic comprehension, and instead suggest that the MD network’s engagement during language processing likely reflects effort associated with extraneous task demands.Significance StatementDomain-general executive processes, like working memory and cognitive control, have long been implicated in language comprehension, including in neuroimaging studies that have reported activation in domain-general multiple demand (MD) regions for linguistic manipulations. However, much prior evidence has come from paradigms where language interpretation is accompanied by extraneous tasks. Using a large fMRI dataset (30 experiments/481 participants/678 sessions), we demonstrate that MD regions are engaged during language comprehension in the presence of task demands, but not during passive reading/listening—conditions that strongly activate the fronto-temporal language network. These results present a fundamental challenge to proposals whereby linguistic computations, like inhibiting irrelevant meanings, keeping representations active in working memory, or predicting upcoming elements, draw on domain-general executive resources.

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Cognitive deficits in post-stroke aphasia

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Caracterização das afasias na hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática

Caracterização das afasias na hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática

Mortality and Stroke Recurrence in a Rehabilitation Cohort of Patients with Cerebral Infarcts and Chagas Disease

The domain-general multiple demand (MD) network does not support core aspects of language comprehension: a large-scale fMRI investigation

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