Anti-Brucella canis antibodies in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum and associated histological alterations in the genital tract

One Health approach for Brucella canis: Serological and molecular detection in animal-hoarding individuals and their dogs

“…The prevalence of anti-B. canis antibodies in dogs found in this study (4.5%) was within the range of those in previous surveys, from 5/175 (2.9%) [27] to 7/106 (6.6%) [28], which are all much lower than the 23/32 (71.8%) found in São Paulo state [30]. The last study focused on a population with a history of miscarriages, a history of failed conceptions, and characteristics of canine brucellosis [30].…”

“…The present study is the first comprehensive investigation of B. canis exposure in individuals with animal hoarding disorder (AHD) and their dogs. Considered a challenging diagnosis, B. canis exposure should be ideally detected by an association of different direct and indirect tests [13,17,26,28,37], such as 2ME-MAT and LFIA performed in the present study. Despite the reports of bacterial isolation as the gold positive standard and its use for early detection (2 weeks after bacterial contact), diagnosis requires laboratories with biosafety level 3, high cost, and high handling risk [15,16,38].…”

“…The prevalence of dog anti-B. canis antibodies in Brazil has varied from 5/175 (2.9%) in Parana ´state [27] to 7/106 (6.6%) in Rio de Janeiro state [28] and 16/254 (6.3%) to 39/254 (16.5%) in Minas Gerais and Espı ´rito Santo states (depending on the test used) [29] to 23/32 (71.8%) in São Paulo state [30]. Despite the close contact of humans with dogs under poor sanitary conditions, the lack of veterinary and nutritional care and the susceptibility to zoonotic diseases [5], no study has been conducted among individuals with AHD and their companion dogs for B. canis infection.…”