Economic efficiency and family income of small-scale fisheries on the north coast of São Paulo State, Brazil.

Abstract

Small-scale fi sheries is an important factor in the generation of income, jobs and food security. Understanding the characteristics of small-scale fi sheries, and the volume of resources and food that they generate can help society recognize their value, lead to the establishment of public policies to improve working conditions and adapt the management of exploited resources for long-term conservation. The objective of this study was to estimate income, production capacity and importance of small-scale fi sheries for fi sher families of the municipality of Caraguatatuba,

Living conditions and coping strategy of coastal communities contribute to the environmental integrity at the world heritage site of Dungonab Bay Mukkawar Island Marine National Park at the Sudanese Red Sea coast

“…In this way, fish traders earned more profit and became wealthier than the fishermen. This is in agreement with other researchers (Purcell et al 2017;Peixer and Neto 2020) who found that fish traders have the highest income compared to fishermen and other categories in the fish production chain.…”

“…The net monthly income of the household in DMNP-WNH varied among fishermen as well as with fishing season which was controlled by the weather conditions and availability of species of fish. A similar case was reported in other studies (Peixer and Neto 2020;Kapembwa et al 2021). Variation of the income among fishers of DMNP-WNH could be attributed to variation in fishing gears ownership (boat and hook and line) between fishers and the number of fishing trips made.…”