Microclimatic conditions in the canopy strata and its relations with the soybean yield

Schwerz, Felipe; Caron, Braulio Otomar; Elli, Elvis Felipe; Stolzle, John Robert; Medeiros, Sandro Luís Petter; Sgarbossa, Jaqueline; Rockenbach, Ana Paula

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201920180066

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Based on this, the results of the present study demonstrate that the better utilization of the available radiation by the entire canopy of plants, including the leaves of the lower canopy, can increase the efficiency of conversion of energy into grain production. Similar results were obtained by Schwerz et al (2019). Walker et al (2018) suggested that chlorophyll content could be reduced in soybean leaves without compromising photosynthesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Although they are of great importance for studying carbohydrate metabolism in the plant, the imposition of stress via limitation of sources or through the physical manipulation of sinks promotes pleiotropic effects on plants, which can often mask plant responses. In this context, little has been studied about the simulation of the increase in radiation input in the lower third of plants, which has a low participation in the total grain yield of the plant due to the lower interception of solar radiation (Schwerz et al, 2019). Considering those, it is possible to improve photosynthetic activity and pod set in this portion of plants, as demonstrated by Schou (1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Source-sink relationship of soybean accessed by increasing in solar radiation through the plant canopy

et al. 2022

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The photosynthetic metabolism is a key point to improve soybean yield. In this work, we demonstrated that radiation use by soybean plants can be improved, aiming to improve the grain yield in the lower canopy. The objective of this study was to observe whether the increase in solar radiation input in the canopy of soybean plants improves their yield performance. Three experiments were carried out during the 2017/2018 season. For each experiment, treatments consisted in the opening of one or two side rows of cultivation at the R2 and R5 stage of soybean plants (NA5909RR) until maturity, plus a control. Increase on solar radiation provided by the oppening of rows enhanced the yield potential in the nodes of the lower canopy, mainly when two rows were opened. The main benefits of increasing the radiation available throughout the canopy of soybean plants are observed in the number of pods and thousand-grain weight, demonstrating the importance of increasing the availability of assimilates in lower leaves. Interestingly, the benefits of the increase in solar interceptation were observed regardless of the yield potential of the area, which varied between 4.9 and 6.7 ton ha -1 .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-sink relationship of soybean accessed by increasing in solar radiation through the plant canopy

et al. 2022

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“…where PAR ij is the intercepted photosynthetic active radiation over the j th measurement period (MJ m -2 ), which was estimated using ( Varlet-Grancher et al., 1989 ; Schwerz et al., 2019 ):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Progress in Forage Maize in NW Europe—Breeding Progress or Climate Change Effects?

et al. 2020

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Yield increases in forage maize (Zea mays L.) in NW Europe over time are well documented. The driving causes for these, however, remain unclear as there is little information available regarding the role of plant traits triggering this yield progress. Ten different hybrids from the same maturity group, which have typically been cultivated in Northwest Germany from 1970 to recent and are thus representing breeding progress over four decades, were selected for a 2-year field study in northern Germany. Traits that were investigated included leaf area index, leaf architecture, photosynthesis, radiation use efficiency, root mass, root length density, and turnover. Based on a mixed model analysis with these traits as co-variates, parameters related to leaf characteristics, in particular the number and length of leaves, the radiation use efficiency, and the leaf orientation, were identified as most influential on the yield progress (0.13 tons ha-1 year-1). In contrast to our hypothesis, root biomass only increased negligibly in newer hybrids compared to older ones, confirming the 'functional equilibrium' theory for high input production systems. Due to an abundance of nutrients and water in such high input systems, there is no incentive for breeders to select for carbon partitioning toward the rooting system. Breeding evidence to increase forage quality were also negligible, with no change in cob starch concentration, forage digestibility, nor NDF content and NDF digestibility. The observed increase in yield over the last four decades is due to a combination of increased temperature sums (~240 GDD within 40 years), and a higher radiation interception and radiation use efficiency. This higher radiation interception was driven by an increased leaf area index, with a higher number of leaves (16 instead of 14 leaves within 40 years) and longer leaves of newer compared to older hybrids. Future selection and adaptation of maize hybrids to changing environmental conditions are likely to be the key for high productivity and quality and for the economic viability of maize growing and expansion in Northern Europe.

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“…Productivity was analysed by evaluating ten random plants in each replication at harvest time. The weight of 1000 grains and the number and weight of grains from each plant were estimated (Schwerz et al . 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii on disease incidence of Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in field conditions

Ashmarina

Sadokhina

Bakshaev

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) are affected by a large number of pathogens. Studies carried out in western Siberia revealed the influence of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii on reducing the development and prevalence of a complex of diseases in faba bean in the field. There was a decreasing tendency of the level of phytopathogen infection of seed material and fragments of underground organs during presowing treatment of the bean seeds with M. robertsii. Treatment with M. robertsii significantly reduced the development of root rot by 2.9 and 9.5 times in 2019 and 2020, respectively, and the prevalence of the disease decreased by 2.9-3.0 times. It also resulted in reduction of the severity of diseases of aerial organs during the growing season on average for the plant: the disease development index (DDI) of powdery mildew by 3.8 times and chocolate spot by 3.5 times. There was a significant increase in the number of active nodules on the roots of plants during the treatment with M. robertsii. The results obtained indicate that the treatment of bean seeds with the entomopathogenic fungus M. robertsii improved the phytosanitary situation of the sowing of the crop, and in the future, this technique can be used in agricultural practice.

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Microclimatic conditions in the canopy strata and its relations with the soybean yield

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Source-sink relationship of soybean accessed by increasing in solar radiation through the plant canopy

Source-sink relationship of soybean accessed by increasing in solar radiation through the plant canopy

Yield Progress in Forage Maize in NW Europe—Breeding Progress or Climate Change Effects?

Effect of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii on disease incidence of Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in field conditions

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