“…[9] Another study revealed that oxidation of CK in AD led to the disruption of CSF AD pathology proteins and that AD patients' brains exhibited decreased CK activity. [10] As there are no clear serological markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cognitive impairment, peripheral CK levels can be considered a non-invasive method and a serological marker for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairment. However, this needs to be further demonstrated in future research.…”