Extraction and characterization of lipids from Sarcocornia ambigua meal: a halophyte biomass produced with shrimp farm effluent irrigation

Abstract

Sarcocornia ambigua is a perennial glasswort, native of South America and a potential new seed-oil crop and forage for direct irrigation with salt water. Small seeds develop inside fertile segments of its cylindrical leafless shoots and, at the harvest, seeds are typically mixed with remnant cellulose material difficult to separate. This work evaluated different extraction methods and the composition of total esterified fatty acids in a meal of ground fertile shoots of S. ambigua, seeking for an alternative primary matter and larger yield of total lipids. The highest lipid yield was obtained with a chloroform:methanol mixture (2:1)(v/v) (5.2% of dry weight). The most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in the meal were linoleic acid (C18:2; 21.4%) and oleic acid (C18:1; 18.3%). Fifty six percent of the lipids in S. ambigua meal were saturated and palmitic acid (C16:0) was the main fraction (19.8%). Long-chain fatty acids (≥ C20) represented 29.5% of the lipids. Most abundant long-chain fatty acids were behenic acid (C22:0; 7.1%), lignoceric acid (C24:0; 5.3%) and montanic acid (C28:0; 4.0%). The percentage of saturated lipids in S. ambigua meal was higher than that of vegetable oils with a MUFA nutritional profile and some of these lipids have known bioactive properties.

Growth, Phenolics, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Antioxidant Response of Two New Genotypes of Sea Asparagus (Salicornia neei Lag.) to Salinity under Greenhouse and Field Conditions

“…However, shoot biomass production of S. neei was lower than those of artichoke (12 ton fw ha −1 ), spinach (14.1 ton fw ha −1 ), and brassicas (e.g., broccoli and cauliflower; 16.4 ton fw ha −1 ) [36]. It is also important to highlight that other field trials showed that S. neei can achieve shoot yield of 23 ton fw ha −1 under irrigation with saline shrimp farm effluent after 3-4 months of cultivation [9].…”

Molecular markers indicate the phylogenetic identity of southern Brazilian sea asparagus: first record of Salicornia neei in Brazil

“…The morphological identification of dried herbarium specimens can be very difficult, and the Brazilian coast represents a biogeographic gap in molecular studies of Salicornioideae in Americas. The Brazilian sea asparagus of the genus Salicornia shows a recent history of successful cultivation with saline water and shrimp farm effluent (Costa & Herrera 2016), high nutritional quality (Bertin et al 2014;Costa et al 2014) and chemical characteristics for biofuel production (D'Oca et al 2012;Costa et al 2014). However the designation of plants found in Brazil as Salicornia ambigua (=Sarcocornia ambigua) is uncertain.…”

Fenologia da Salicornia neei Lag. cultivada no semiárido cearense (Phenology of the Salicornia neei Lag. Cultivated in Ceara Semiarid)

“…Os caules e as sementes dessa espécie apresentaram elevada qualidade nutricional, com altos teores de minerais, tais comoK, Mg, Ca e Zn (Bertin et al, 2014;; de ácido palmítico e ácidos graxos poli-insaturados, principalmente o ácido linoléico, um ω-6, e o ácido oléico, um ω-9 (Bertin et al,2014;Costa et al, 2014); além de compostos fenólicos compropriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias (Bertin et al, 2014;Timm et al, 2015).…”