Cycle duration and quality of gladiolus floral stems in three locations of Southern Brazil

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the cycle duration in days and the quantitative parameters, i.e. stem length, spike length and stem diameter of gladiolus floral stems as a function of the planting date and locations in the Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. Field experiments were established between 2014-2015 in three locations (Frederico Westphalen, Itaqui and Santa Maria). The experimental design was a complete randomized block, with six gladiolus cultivars in three distinct planting dates at each location as treatments. The shift from vegetative to reproductive stage, the stem length, spike length and stem diameter were evaluated. Data was statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test. When planted during late July and early August, cultivars of early cycle(‘Purple Flora’, ‘Rose Friendship’ and ‘White Friendship’) and intermediate cycle (‘Green Star’ and ‘Jester’), produced floral stems of gladiolus in the desired patterns besides as well as having a shorter growth cycle than late cultivars (‘Gold Field’), being recommended for commercial cultivation in Southern Brazil.

Evaluation yield and genetically factors in different cultivars of gladiolus

“…The higher cultivars increasing qualified production of flowers. In addition, similar findings by Tomiozzo et al (2018) show that significantly stem height. The stem height of the ornamental flowers is considered as a valuable characteristic of the apparent structure, in spite of, the suitable effect on physiological characteristics increases flowers resistance in transferring from field to market (Azimi et al, 2012).…”

“…Moradi and Azimi (2017) showed no significant difference in this characteristic in gladiolus cultivars by evaluating various cultivars performance such as 'Rose Supreme' and 'White Prosperty'. Moreover, the flower stem diameter is one of the valuable characteristics of the cut branch flowers (Tomiozzo et al, 2018) and increases flowers resistance against transference from the garden to sale market (Azimi et al, 2012).…”

“…Temperatures between 10 and 25 °C or mild climate are good for grows of gladiolus (International Flower Bulb Center, 2011). Tomiozzo et al (2018) studied different gladiolus cultivars in various climatic and introduced early cycle ('Purple Flora', 'Rose Friendship' and 'White Friendship') and intermediate cycle ('Green Star' and 'Jester'), produced cut-flower of gladiolus in the favorable model besides as well as having a shorter growth cycle than late cultivars ('Gold Field'), being recommended for commercial cultivation in Southern Brazil. Anuradha and Gowda (1994) studied the genetic variability in 25 genotypes of gladiolus for 24 characters and recorded high degree of variability for all the characters except number of side shots and number of side spikes.…”

“…Several studies have been conducted on gladiolus: different cultivation sites (Tomiozzo et al, 2018), phenology and planting date (Schwab et al, 2015); estimation of genetic variability (Rashmi and Kumar, 2014); heritability and genetic advance (Patra and Mohanty, 2014); genotypic and phenotypic variability (Bhujbal et al, 2013;Pattanaik et al, 2015); and hybridization (Ohri and Khoshoo, 1983a;1983b;Hossain et al, 2012;Azimi, 2019). Environmental factor in combination with genetic and physiological factors play an important role in determination of plant potential for propagating material.…”

Evaluation of water requirement, commercial quality, and yield response factor of gladiolus produced with automated irrigation in different growing periods

“…A more extended spike tends to make the stem more attractive since it is the portion of the stem where the flowers are attached. As the stem length varies, spike length also varies, suggesting that shorter stems produce shorter spikes (Tomiozzo et al, 2018). This may explain the occurrence of an increase in spike length as the length of the floral stem increases in both cycles.…”