“…This construct transcends conventional intelligence metrics spotlighting the emotional dimensions of human conduct and interaction (Aguilar-Luzón et al, 2014; Drigas & Papoutsi, 2018; Erol et al, 2020). Scholars underscore EI’s relevance across diverse domains such as individual well-being (Sánchez-álvarez et al, 2016; Schutte et al, 2010), mental health (Shabani et al, 2010), interpersonal relationships (Schutte et al, 2001), leadership (Gómez-Leal et al, 2022; McCleskey, 2014; Sadri, 2012), and scholastic performance (Duong et al, 2020; MacCann et al, 2020). Academic discourse suggests that individuals exhibiting high EI possess superior capabilities to navigate obstacles, cultivate positive relationships, make judicious decisions, and adapt to shifting contexts (Kant, 2019; Sekaryanti et al, 2023).…”