An Examination Of The Validity Of Two Models Of Attitude

Abstract

A structural equation methodology is used to assess the reliability and validity of expectancy-value and semantic differential measures of attitude toward the act of donating blood. Hypotheses as to the internal consistency and the convergent, concurrent, discriminant, predictive, and nomological validities of responses are tested in the context of a quasi-experiment performed on 284 students, faculty, and staff. Semantic differential attitudes are found to exist as unidimensional responses while expectancy-value attitudes are found to occur as multidimensional reactions. However, although both operationalizations achieve convergent, concurrent, discriminant, and predictive validity, the nomological validity of attitude is brought into question. The extent of past behavior and the elapsed time since performance of that behavior appear to offer the greatest explanatory content for subsequent behavioral intentions. Finally, the role of personal and social normative beliefs as copredictors of intentions along with attitude and past behavior is also investigated. The findings are interpreted from attitude, learning, and attribution theory arguments.

Using meta-analytic path analysis to test theoretical predictions in health behavior: An illustration based on meta-analyses of the theory of planned behavior

“…Simultaneous tests of the proposed pattern of effects against observation permit confirmation or rejection of the theory, referred to as nomological validity (Bagozzi, 1981;Cronbach and Meehl, 1955). Nomological validity is often evaluated using multivariate analyses based on regression such as, path analysis and structural equation modeling.…”

“…There have been suggestions that many theory tests have failed to find support for key effects within a theory-stipulated nomological network and yet have claimed support for the theory raising questions of falsifiability (Ogden, 2003(Ogden, , 2015. A priori specification of the fundamental hypotheses and predictions of a theory (Sniehotta et al, 2015) accompanied by simultaneous tests of the predictions (Bagozzi, 1981;Hagger and Chatzisarantis, 2016) are necessary if theories are to be adequately evaluated in health behavior contexts.…”

“…Together, such omnibus tests provide researchers with a robust, a priori basis on which to falsify theories, that is to accept or reject their fundamental hypotheses and assumptions, consistent with the principles of nomological validity (Bagozzi, 1981;Cronbach and Meehl, 1955).…”

Changing mental models: Business simulation exercises

“…Although reliability and validity of the semantic differential technique have been confirmed in several studies (Bagozzi, 1981;Heise, 1970;Nickols & Shaw, 1964), the constraints relevant to this study introduce additional concerns.…”

Drivers and Impediments of Consumer Online Information Search: Self-controlled versus Agent-assisted Search

“…Nevertheless, based on parameter estimates for our model we tried to assess the reliability and validity of our twoindicator measurement models (see table 1). For this purpose we used indicator reliability [Bag82], factor reliability (squared correlation between a construct and an unweighted composite of its indicators; see Bagozzi and Baumgartner, 1994) and the average variance extracted [FoLa81]. Both, factor reliability and average variance extracted can also be regarded as measures for convergent validity.…”