Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Filho, Luiz Amorim; Szwarcwald, Célia Landmann; Mateos, Sheila de Oliveira Garcia; Leon, Antônio Carlos Monteiro Ponce de; Medronho, Roberto de Andrade; Veloso, Valdiléa G.; Lopes, Josiane Iole França; Pôrto, Luís Cristóvão; Chieppe, Alexandre; Werneck, Guilherme Loureiro

doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002643

Cited by 78 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in our study is comparable to estimates from large population-based serosurveys in China, Switzerland, Spain and the USA after the initial epidemic peak. 10 11 29 30 Our results are also comparable to other surveys of blood donors in Brazil 16 , Italy 15 , and many parts of England 17 . Kenya has an estimated population of 53 million in 2020 and 57% of the population is aged 15-64 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors

Uyoga

Adetifa

Karanja

et al. 2020

Preprint

109

177

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Background There are no data on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Africa though the COVID-19 epidemic curve and reported mortality differ from patterns seen elsewhere. We estimated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence among blood donors in Kenya. Methods We measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG prevalence by ELISA on residual blood donor samples obtained between April 30 and June 16, 2020. Assay sensitivity and specificity were 83% (95% CI 59, 96%) and 99.0% (95% CI 98.1, 99.5%), respectively. National seroprevalence was estimated using Bayesian multilevel regression and post-stratification to account for non-random sampling with respect to age, sex and region, adjusted for assay performance. Results Complete data were available for 3098 of 3174 donors, aged 15-64 years. By comparison with the Kenyan population, the sample over-represented males (82% versus 49%), adults aged 25-34 years (40% versus 27%) and residents of coastal Counties (49% versus 9%). Crude overall seroprevalence was 5.6% (174/3098). Population-weighted, test-adjusted national seroprevalence was 5.2% (95% CI 3.7, 7.1%). Seroprevalence was highest in the 3 largest urban Counties; Mombasa (9.3% [95% CI 6.4, 13.2%)], Nairobi (8.5% [95% CI 4.9, 13.5%]) and Kisumu (6.5% [95% CI 3.3, 11.2%]). Conclusions We estimate that 1 in 20 adults in Kenya had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies during the study period. By the median date of our survey, only 2093 COVID-19 cases and 71 deaths had been reported through the national screening system. This contrasts, by several orders of magnitude, with the numbers of cases and deaths reported in parts of Europe and America when seroprevalence was similar.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors

Uyoga

Adetifa

Karanja

et al. 2020

Preprint

109

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, the majority of subjects who were positive three months before the sampling conducted in October continued to have a detectable antibody titer suggesting the durability of neutralizing antibodies over time as indicated by other studies [24]. In a sero-survey among blood donors in Brazil, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 4% of the samples [25]. In another population-based study in Brazil, the seroprevalence rate was 0.05% [26].…”

Section: Plos Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 65%

Incidence, household transmission, and neutralizing antibody seroprevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Egypt: Results of a community-based cohort

et al. 2021

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SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmitted in closed settings to people in contact with COVID-19 patients such as healthcare workers and household contacts. However, household person-to-person transmission studies are limited. Households participating in an ongoing cohort study of influenza incidence and prevalence in rural Egypt were followed. Baseline enrollment was done from August 2015 to March 2017. The study protocol was amended in April 2020 to allow COVID-19 incidence and seroprevalence studies. A total of 290 households including 1598 participants were enrolled and followed from April to October 2020 in four study sites. When a participant showed respiratory illness symptoms, a serum sample and a nasal and an oropharyngeal swab were obtained. Swabs were tested by RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 infection. If positive, the subject was followed and swabs collected on days three, six, nine, and 14 after the first swab day and a serum sample obtained on day 14. All subjects residing with the index case were swabbed following the same sampling schedule. Sera were collected from cohort participants in October 2020 to assess seroprevalence. Swabs were tested by RT-PCR. Sera were tested by Microneutralization Assay to measure the neutralizing antibody titer. Incidence of COVID-19, household secondary attack rate, and seroprevalence in the cohort were determined. The incidence of COVID-19 was 6.9% and the household secondary attack rate was 89.8%. Transmission within households occurred within two-days of confirming the index case. Infections were asymptomatic or mild with symptoms resolving within 10 days. The majority developed a neutralizing antibody titer by day 14 post onset. The overall seroprevalence among cohort participants was 34.8%. These results suggest that within-household transmission is high in Egypt. Asymptomatic or mild illness is common. Most infections seroconvert and have a durable neutralizing antibody titer.

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“…Eleven studies assessed blood donors, 12 , 15 , 18 , 24 , 28 , 31 , 41 , 44 , 45 , 55 , 60 which might underestimate COVID-19 seroprevalence in the general population. For example, 200 blood donors in Oise, France showed 3.00% seroprevalence, while the seroprevalence was 25.87% (171/661) in pupils, siblings, parents, teachers and staff at a high school with a cluster of cases in the same area; the true population seroprevalence may be between these two values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 inferred from seroprevalence data

Ioannidis

2020

Bull. World Health Organ.

336

299

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Objective To estimate the infection fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from seroprevalence data. Methods I searched PubMed and preprint servers for COVID-19 seroprevalence studies with a sample size ≥ 500 as of 9 September 2020. I also retrieved additional results of national studies from preliminary press releases and reports. I assessed the studies for design features and seroprevalence estimates. I estimated the infection fatality rate for each study by dividing the cumulative number of COVID-19 deaths by the number of people estimated to be infected in each region. I corrected for the number of immunoglobin (Ig) types tested (IgG, IgM, IgA). Findings I included 61 studies (74 estimates) and eight preliminary national estimates. Seroprevalence estimates ranged from 0.02% to 53.40%. Infection fatality rates ranged from 0.00% to 1.63%, corrected values from 0.00% to 1.54%. Across 51 locations, the median COVID-19 infection fatality rate was 0.27% (corrected 0.23%): the rate was 0.09% in locations with COVID-19 population mortality rates less than the global average (< 118 deaths/million), 0.20% in locations with 118–500 COVID-19 deaths/million people and 0.57% in locations with > 500 COVID-19 deaths/million people. In people younger than 70 years, infection fatality rates ranged from 0.00% to 0.31% with crude and corrected medians of 0.05%. Conclusion The infection fatality rate of COVID-19 can vary substantially across different locations and this may reflect differences in population age structure and case-mix of infected and deceased patients and other factors. The inferred infection fatality rates tended to be much lower than estimates made earlier in the pandemic.

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Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 78 publications

References 20 publications

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors

Incidence, household transmission, and neutralizing antibody seroprevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Egypt: Results of a community-based cohort

Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 inferred from seroprevalence data

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