Associação entre raça/cor da pele e parto prematuro: revisão sistemática com meta-análise

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between race/skin color and the occurrence of prematurity.METHODS Meta-analysis with observational studies, selected by a systematic review in the bibliographic databases Medline and Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde with the descriptors: “Race or ethnic group” and “ethnicity and health” associated with the words “infant premature” and “obstetric labor premature”. Articles published in the period from 2010 to 2014, of the observational epidemiological type, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, were included. Articles that did not have abstracts or that were review articles, theses, dissertations, and editorials were excluded. We adopted the relative risk and their respective confidence intervals (95%CI) as measures of effect, obtained through the random effect model and represented by the forest plot type graph. The Egger test and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, respectively, were used to analyze possible publication biases and the quality of the studies.RESULTS Of the 926 articles identified, 17 were eligible for the study. Of the 17 full texts published, seven were retrospective cohort studies, nine were cross-sectional studies, and one was a case-control study. Except for one study, the others reported a positive association between race/color of skin and prematurity. Compared with full-term newborns, the relative risk of the combined effect in those born preterm was 1.51 (95%CI 1.39-1.69). The funnel chart suggested publication bias.CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis indicated a positive association for the risk of prematurity according to race/skin color.

Cervical length varies considering different populations and gestational outcomes: Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…It remains unclear whether the difference in cervical length between populations is due to environmental factors that would interfere in population growth capability, such as nutrition and access to health services, or due to intrinsic characteristics such as ethnicity/race [ 30 ] and anthropometric features. It is clear that there is an important association amid socioeconomic status and race in all western world, nevertheless, few included studies described information of short cervix for race/skin color groups and, in our study, it is difficult to analyze this data and infer association between race and short cervix without possible bias.…”

Racial inequality in perinatal outcomes in two Brazilian birth cohorts

“…The PTB rate in the RP cohort of the present study, however, did not differ between newborns of white, brown, and black mothers, contradicting other studies. Oliveira et al ( 29 ), in a systematic review with meta-analysis of articles published from 2010 to 2014, observed that black women are 1.5 times more likely to have PTB compared to non-black women. A possible explanation for not detecting the association is that there is really no difference in preterm birth rates between black and brown compared to white mothers in RP.…”

The influence of gestational age at term on breastfeeding: a cohort study

“…The factors associated to breastfeeding in the first hour of life include newborn weight, delivery route (5) , gestational age, and complications during birth and the immediate post-partum period. The maintenance of EBF in the first six months and the practice of BF in the first two years of life are intimately related to age (5) , education (6) and maternal skin/ethnicity (7) , marital status (8) and socioeconomic condition (6) , number of prenatal consultations and type of delivery (5) and child-related factors, such as sex (9) , appropriate weight for gestational age (5) , early skin-to-skin contact (5)(6) , vitality at birth (5) , and use of pacifier (9) .…”