Consumo de hortaliças e sua relação com os alimentos ultraprocessados no Brasil

Abstract

OBJECTIVETo characterize the household purchase and the individual consumption of vegetables in Brazil and to analyze their relation with the consumption of ultra-processed foods.METHODSWe have used data on the purchase of food for household consumption and individual consumption from the 2008–2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The Brazilian Household Budget Survey studied the purchase of food of 55,970 households and the food consumption of 34,003 individuals aged 10 years and over. The foods of interest in this study were vegetables (excluding roots and tubers) and ultra-processed foods. We have described the amount of vegetables (grams) purchased and consumed by all Brazilians and according to the quintiles of caloric intake of ultra-processed food. To this end, we have calculated the crude and predicted values obtained by regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables. We have analyzed the most commonly purchased types of vegetables (% in the total amount) and, in relation to individual food consumption, the variety of vegetables consumed (absolute number), the participation (%) of the types of culinary preparations based on vegetables, and the time of consumption.RESULTSThe adjusted mean household purchase of vegetables was 42.9 g/per capita/day. The adjusted mean individual consumption was 46.1 g. There was an inverse relation between household purchase and individual consumption of vegetables and ultra-processed foods. Ten types of vegetables account for more than 80% of the total amount usually purchased. The variety consumed was, on average, 1.08 type/per capita/day. Approximately 60% of the vegetables were eaten raw, and the amount consumed at lunch was twice that consumed at dinner; individuals with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods tended to consume even less vegetables at dinner.CONCLUSIONSThe consumption of vegetables in Brazil is insufficient, and this is worse among individuals with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods. The most frequent habit was to consume raw vegetables at lunch and with limited variety.

Dietary patterns of Brazilian farmers and their relation with sociodemographic, labor, and lifestyle conditions

“…Determining food patterns in this population is an unprecedented finding, because of the method used to determine dietary patterns, highly recommended for approaching the actual behavior of the population studied [40,41], and for extrapolated the combination of nutrients and antinutritional factors involved in the human diet [40]. In addition, can meet the scarcity of studies that investigate the food consumption of farmers or rural populations and their associated factors [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], especially regarding their labor characteristics [5].…”

“…It is also worth noting that fruit consumption was reduced among farmers (48.9% consume some kind of fruit). In Brazil, between 1987/1988 and 2008/2009, there was some stability and low levels of fruit and vegetable acquisition, including a small reduction in the consumption of vegetables [14], with lower consumption in the rural area of these two food groups [17,19,28].…”

“…Despite the finding of an increase in the morbidity and mortality profile of this population [7][8][9][10][11], representative research on the food consumption of farmers and the rural population is still scarce [18], especially studies developed with the purpose of studying the dietary patterns of these populations and their associated factors [4][5][6][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Feed frequency and sensory evaluation of yams

“…This age group was also found in research conducted by Oliveira et al (2012) when evaluating fruit and vegetable consumption by Pharmacy students. According to Canella et al (2018), age is a variable that is related to the consumption of vegetables, which generally rise with increasing age.…”

“…Yam, for its nutritional characteristics, has possibilities for human use in different forms of preparation and can replace, totally or partially, the potato, cassava, maize, wheat, and other amidic species (MAZEIRO et al, 2009). Despite being cited on the menu of several civilizations over the centuries and being present since the beginning of Brazilian colonization, nowadays, it is the Northeastern who practically assume the demand for yam in Brazil (BRITO et al, 2011). However, it is a fact that this food is not on the table of most Brazilians due to the shortage, the high market price or the lack of knowledge about the product.…”