A reductionist approach to dissecting grain weight and yield in wheat

Brinton, Jemima; Uauy, Cristóbal

doi:10.1111/jipb.12741

Cited by 122 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…All the above points suggest polygenic inheritance of leaf rolling trait. In order to dissect complex polygenic traits like yield a reductionist approach is successful where the complex trait is partitioned into several component traits 28 . Drought tolerance is also a complex trait whose inheritance is hard to follow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTL detection and putative candidate gene prediction for leaf rolling under moisture stress condition in wheat

Verma

Niranjana

Jha

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Leaf rolling is an important mechanism to mitigate the effects of moisture stress in several plant species. In the present study, a set of 92 wheat recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between NI5439 × HD2012 were used to identify QTLs associated with leaf rolling under moisture stress condition. Linkage map was constructed using Axiom 35 K Breeder’s SNP Array and microsatellite (SSR) markers. A linkage map with 3661 markers comprising 3589 SNP and 72 SSR markers spanning 22,275.01 cM in length across 21 wheat chromosomes was constructed. QTL analysis for leaf rolling trait under moisture stress condition revealed 12 QTLs on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 4A, 4B, 5D, and 6B. A stable QTL Qlr.nhv-5D.2 was identified on 5D chromosome flanked by SNP marker interval AX-94892575–AX-95124447 (5D:338665301–5D:410952987). Genetic and physical map integration in the confidence intervals of Qlr.nhv-5D.2 revealed 14 putative candidate genes for drought tolerance which was narrowed down to six genes based on in-silico analysis. Comparative study of leaf rolling genes in rice viz., NRL1, OsZHD1, Roc5, and OsHB3 on wheat genome revealed five genes on chromosome 5D. Out of the identified genes, TraesCS5D02G253100 falls exactly in the QTL Qlr.nhv-5D.2 interval and showed 96.9% identity with OsZHD1. Two genes similar to OsHB3 viz. TraesCS5D02G052300 and TraesCS5D02G385300 exhibiting 85.6% and 91.8% identity; one gene TraesCS5D02G320600 having 83.9% identity with Roc5 gene; and one gene TraesCS5D02G102600 showing 100% identity with NRL1 gene were also identified, however, these genes are located outside Qlr.nhv-5D.2 interval. Hence, TraesCS5D02G253100 could be the best potential candidate gene for leaf rolling and can be utilized for improving drought tolerance in wheat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTL detection and putative candidate gene prediction for leaf rolling under moisture stress condition in wheat

Verma

Niranjana

Jha

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…7). Both 366 grain size and weight are regulated by a complex network that integrates multiple 367 developmental and environmental signals throughout the reproductive stage, and these 368 processes are affected by sink and source characteristics including the size and photosynthetic 369 capacity of source tissues and the mobilization of assimilates to the grain [56][57][58]. We note 370 that the ysl3 mutant has significantly shorter flag leaves ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 88%

YSL3-mediated copper distribution is required for fertility, grain yield, and size in Brachypodium

Sheng

Jiang

Ishka

et al. 2019

Preprint

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35Addressing the looming global food security crisis requires the development of high yielding 36 crops. In this regard, the deficiency for the micronutrient copper in agricultural soils 37 decreases grain yield and significantly impacts a globally important crop, wheat. In cereals, 38 grain yield is determined by inflorescence architecture, flower fertility, grain size and weight. 39 Whether copper is involved in these processes and how it is delivered to the reproductive 40 organs is not well understood. We show that copper deficiency alters not only the grain set 41 but also flower development in both wheat and it's recognized model, Brachypodium 42 distachyon, We then show that a brachypodium yellow-stripe-like 3 (YSL3) transporter 43 localizes to the phloem and mediates copper delivery to flag leaves, anthers and pistils. 44 Failure to deliver copper to these structures in the ysl3 CRISPR/Cas9 mutant results in 45 delayed flowering, altered inflorescence architecture, reduced floret fertility, grain number, 46 size, and weight. These defects are rescued by copper supplementation and are complemented 47 by the YSL3 cDNA. This new knowledge will help to devise sustainable approaches for 48 improving grain yield in regions where soil quality is a major obstacle for crop production. 49 50Global food security and the demand for high-yielding grain crops are among the most urgent 51 drivers of modern plant sciences due to the current trend of population growth, extreme 52 weather conditions and decreasing arable land resources [1]. The grain yield is directly linked 53 to the crop and soil fertility. In this regard, it has been known for decades that the deficiency 54 for the micronutrient copper in alkaline, coarse-textured or organic soils that occupy more 55 than 30% of the world arable land, compromises crop fertility, reduces grain/seed yield and in 56 acute cases results in crop failure [2][3][4][5]. In accord with the essential role of copper in 57 reproduction, recent studies using synchrotron x-ray fluorescent (SXRF) microscopy 58 established that copper localizes to anthers and pistils of flowers in a model dicotyledonous 59 species, Arabidopsis thaliana, and failure to deliver copper to these reproductive organs 60 severely compromises fertility and seed set [6]. Although copper deficiency can be remedied 61 by the application of copper-based fertilizers, this approach is not environmentally friendly 62 and can lead to the build-up of toxic copper levels in soils [2,5,7]. Mineral nutrient 63 transporters have been recognized as key targets for improving the mineral use efficiency in 64 sustainable crop production [8]. Wheat is the world's third important staple crop after maize 65 (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa); however, wheat grain yield remained relatively low under 66 marginal growing environments despite significant breeding efforts [9]. Wheat is also 67 regarded as the most sensitive to copper deficiency [2, 3,5]. How copper uptake and internal 68 transport is achieved in wheat and how it af...

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“…Grain yield in grass species is the product of grain yield components, molecular genetic factors, and growing conditions and their interaction [ 30 ]. For the most part, grain yield is decided by grain number and grain weight [ 31 ], with increased grain weight being linked with assimilate availability and distribution [ 32 , 33 ]. Studies investigating the phenotypic evolution of grasses suggest that awns significantly improve grain weight, given their contribution to assimilate production and partitioning [ 6 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Impact Of Awns On Grain Yield and Plant Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Actual Functions of Awns in Grasses: From Yield Potential to Quality Traits

Ntakirutimana

Xie

2020

IJMS

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Awns, which are either bristles or hair-like outgrowths of lemmas in the florets, are one of the typical morphological characteristics of grass species. These stiff structures contribute to grain dispersal and burial and fend off animal predators. However, their phenotypic and genetic associations with traits deciding potential yield and quality are not fully understood. Awns appear to improve photosynthesis, provide assimilates for grain filling, thus contributing to the final grain yield, especially under temperature- and water-stress conditions. Long awns, however, represent a competing sink with developing kernels for photosynthates, which can reduce grain yield under favorable conditions. In addition, long awns can hamper postharvest handling, storage, and processing activities. Overall, little is known about the elusive role of awns, thus, this review summarizes what is known about the effect of awns on grain yield and biomass yield, grain nutritional value, and forage-quality attributes. The influence of awns on the agronomic performance of grasses seems to be associated with environmental and genetic factors and varies in different stages of plant development. The contribution of awns to yield traits and quality features previously documented in major cereal crops, such as rice, barley, and wheat, emphasizes that awns can be targeted for yield and quality improvement and may advance research aimed at identifying the phenotypic effects of morphological traits in grasses.

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A reductionist approach to dissecting grain weight and yield in wheat

Cited by 122 publications

References 183 publications

QTL detection and putative candidate gene prediction for leaf rolling under moisture stress condition in wheat

QTL detection and putative candidate gene prediction for leaf rolling under moisture stress condition in wheat

YSL3-mediated copper distribution is required for fertility, grain yield, and size in Brachypodium

Unveiling the Actual Functions of Awns in Grasses: From Yield Potential to Quality Traits

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