Hormonal Regulation of Branching in Grasses

McSteen, Paula

doi:10.1104/pp.108.129056

Cited by 168 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Panicle architecture is also regulated at numerous levels, including genetic factors and hormone signaling, depending on environmental factors (McSteen, 2009). While N remobilization is vitally important for grain filling, cytokinin signaling has been shown to influence rice stem length and spikelet branching and, thus, at least in part controlling yield (Ashikari et al, 2005;Hirose et al, 2007;Tabuchi et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Cga1 Shows Potential For Utilization In Crop Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Cytokinin GATA Transcription Factor1 Regulates Chloroplast Development and Plant Architecture

et al. 2013

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Chloroplast biogenesis has been well documented in higher plants, yet the complex methods used to regulate chloroplast activity under fluctuating environmental conditions are not well understood. In rice (Oryza sativa), the CYTOKININ-RESPONSIVE GATA TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (Cga1) shows increased expression following light, nitrogen, and cytokinin treatments, while darkness and gibberellin reduce expression. Strong overexpression of Cga1 produces dark green, semidwarf plants with reduced tillering, whereas RNA interference knockdown results in reduced chlorophyll and increased tillering. Coexpression, microarray, and real-time expression analyses demonstrate a correlation between Cga1 expression and the expression of important nucleus-encoded, chloroplast-localized genes. Constitutive Cga1 overexpression increases both chloroplast biogenesis and starch production but also results in delayed senescence and reduced grain filling. Growing the transgenic lines under different nitrogen regimes indicates potential agricultural applications for Cga1, including manipulation of biomass, chlorophyll/ chloroplast content, and harvest index. These results indicate a conserved mechanism by which Cga1 regulates chloroplast development in higher plants.

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Section: Cga1 Shows Potential For Utilization In Crop Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Cytokinin GATA Transcription Factor1 Regulates Chloroplast Development and Plant Architecture

et al. 2013

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“…Tillering is a complex trait, controlled by multiple environmental and physiological factors, including hormonal regulation and competition for assimilates (McSteen 2009;McSteen and Leyser 2005). In sorghum, tillers appear when five to nine leaves have fully expanded (Lafarge and Hammer 2002), and genotypic differences in tillering are predominantly associated with differences in the frequency of lower-rank tillers (Kim et al 2010a) that appear during the onset of tillering, when available resources are predominantly utilised for leaf biomass production and tillering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTL analysis in multiple sorghum populations facilitates the dissection of the genetic and physiological control of tillering

Alam

Mace²,

Oosterom

et al. 2014

Theor Appl Genet

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target environments. The aims of this study were to identify QTL for tillering and component traits associated with the S/D balance or PTT, to develop a framework model for the genetic control of tillering in sorghum. Four mapping populations were grown in a number of experiments in south east Queensland, Australia. The QTL analysis suggested that the contribution of traits associated with either the S/D balance or PTT to the genotypic differences in tillering differed among populations. Thirty-four tillering QTL were identified across the populations, of which 15 were novel to this study. Additionally, half of the tillering QTL co-located with QTL for component traits. A comparison of tillering QTL and candidate gene locations identified numerous coincident QTL and gene locations across populations, including the identification of common non-synonymous SNPs in the parental genotypes of two mapping populations in a sorghum homologue of MAX1, a gene involved in the control of tiller bud outgrowth through the production of strigolactones. Combined with a framework for crop physiological processes that underpin genotypic differences in tillering, the co-location of QTL for tillering and component traits and candidate genes allowed the development of a framework QTL model for the genetic control of tillering in sorghum.

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“…Generation and outgrowth of lateral shoots are regulated by the combined action of hormones, such as auxin, cytokinin, and strigolactone, and environmental cues. Furthermore, a number of regulatory genes expressed in AM-specific and AM-nonspecific manners affect branching (McSteen, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LAX PANICLE2of Rice Encodes a Novel Nuclear Protein and Regulates the Formation of Axillary Meristems

et al. 2011

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Aerial architecture in higher plants is dependent on the activity of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and axillary meristems (AMs). The SAM produces a main shoot and leaf primordia, while AMs are generated at the axils of leaf primordia and give rise to branches and flowers. Therefore, the formation of AMs is a critical step in the construction of plant architecture. Here, we characterized the rice (Oryza sativa) lax panicle2 (lax2) mutant, which has altered AM formation. LAX2 regulates the branching of the aboveground parts of a rice plant throughout plant development, except for the primary branch in the panicle. The lax2 mutant is similar to lax panicle1 (lax1) in that it lacks an AM in most of the lateral branching of the panicle and has a reduced number of AMs at the vegetative stage. The lax1 lax2 double mutant synergistically enhances the reduced-branching phenotype, indicating the presence of multiple pathways for branching. LAX2 encodes a nuclear protein that contains a plant-specific conserved domain and physically interacts with LAX1. We propose that LAX2 is a novel factor that acts together with LAX1 in rice to regulate the process of AM formation.

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Hormonal Regulation of Branching in Grasses

Cited by 168 publications

References 118 publications

Rice Cytokinin GATA Transcription Factor1 Regulates Chloroplast Development and Plant Architecture

Rice Cytokinin GATA Transcription Factor1 Regulates Chloroplast Development and Plant Architecture

QTL analysis in multiple sorghum populations facilitates the dissection of the genetic and physiological control of tillering

LAX PANICLE2of Rice Encodes a Novel Nuclear Protein and Regulates the Formation of Axillary Meristems

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