2005
DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000158120.47542.18
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Abstract: Estrogen plus progestin relieved some menopausal symptoms, such as vasomotor symptoms and vaginal or genital dryness, but contributed to treatment-related effects, such as bleeding, breast tenderness, and an increased likelihood of gynecologic surgery.

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Cited by 257 publications
(149 citation statements)
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“…The higher prevalence of vaginal dryness in the PMO group is in accordance with earlier reports, implying that the menopausal transition with falling estrogen levels has an effect on the vaginal mucosa and that HRT probably ameliorates these symptoms 58 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…The higher prevalence of vaginal dryness in the PMO group is in accordance with earlier reports, implying that the menopausal transition with falling estrogen levels has an effect on the vaginal mucosa and that HRT probably ameliorates these symptoms 58 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…It is noteworthy that very few studies assessed treatment efficacy beyond 6 months, the Women's Health Initiative being one of these: About 10% of women participating in the estrogen and progestin arm (mean age 63 years) complained of vaginal dryness, of whom 74% reported relief at year 1, as compared with 54% in the placebo arm. 30 Thus, 10 to 25% of women using systemic hormonal therapy will still experience the symptoms of urogenital atrophy. This finding plus the safety concerns about oral/transdermal HRT are the reasons why systemic therapy is usually not recommended in women with vaginal symptoms only, 31 and in many women, a combination of systemic and vaginal estrogen may be necessary initially.…”
Section: Systemic Hormone Therapymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Symptoms-Women completed a 39-symptomlist as used in the Women's Health Initiative [33] and based on the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial Symptom scale [34] consisting of a wide range of symptoms that can be a result of cancer treatment and aging, including symptoms that are physical (e.g., mouth ulcers, headaches, diarrhea, nausea, joint pains), emotional/psychological (e.g., mood changes, feeling depressed, forgetfulness), menopausal (e.g., hot flashes, vaginal dryness), and related to role difficulties (e.g., lowered work performance, avoidance of social affairs, decreased efficiency). All symptoms were rated on a four-point ordinal scale ranging from none to severe.…”
Section: Medical Outcomes Short-form Health Survey (Sf-36)mentioning
confidence: 99%