2021
DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab080
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Abstract: Many xenobiotics are identified as potential thyroid disruptors due to their action to reduce circulating levels of thyroid hormone, most notably thyroxine (T4). Developmental neurotoxicity is a primary concern for thyroid disrupting chemicals yet correlating the impact of chemically-induced changes in serum T4 to perturbed brain development remains elusive. A number of thyroid-specific neurodevelopmental assays have been proposed, based largely on the model thyroid hormone synthesis inhibitor propylthiouracil… Show more

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Cited by 24 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Secondly, there likely is a discrepancy between serum and brain TH concentrations in rodents subject to chemically induced hypothyroxinemia-like conditions. Here, brain hormones can be less affected despite pronounced effects on serum hormones [ 14 ], opposite to the relationships seen with PTU exposure [ 9 , 44 ]. Whether this also applies to DE-71 exposed animals should be investigated in future studies.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Secondly, there likely is a discrepancy between serum and brain TH concentrations in rodents subject to chemically induced hypothyroxinemia-like conditions. Here, brain hormones can be less affected despite pronounced effects on serum hormones [ 14 ], opposite to the relationships seen with PTU exposure [ 9 , 44 ]. Whether this also applies to DE-71 exposed animals should be investigated in future studies.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, for some TH system disrupting chemicals not acting through this TPO-mediated mechanism, it is unclear if there is the same correlation between low serum T4 concentrations and TH-mediated brain effects. This includes environmental chemicals that presumably disrupt the TH system by either binding to TTR or induce metabolizing enzymes in the liver, for instance triclosan [ 13 , 14 ], polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [ 15 ], the perfluorinated compound perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) [ 14 , 16 ] and potentially also the polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) mixture DE-71 (PBDE) [ 17 19 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A very recent study clearly demonstrates the diversity of phenotypic adversities, e.g., on brain development, even in situations of almost similar serum parameters ( Gilbert et al, 2021 ). Here, obviously a more “local” perspective of hormonal regulation in different organs is needed, as recently demonstrated ( Lossow et al, 2021 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…30−32 Some legacy PFASs have been shown to alter the thyroid hormone pathway, such as perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), 33,34 perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), 35,36 and more recently perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). 37,38 Therefore, there is growing interest for evaluating the effects of the newer PFAS chemicals on THs, especially with increased recent evidence of effects on in vitro thyroid, both human and rat, NIS HTP screening assays, including PFOS and the perfluorocarboxylate PFHxS. 17 PFOS and PFHxS are no longer manufactured in the US with some limited use internationally.…”
Section: ■ Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%