Neuromuscular Coordination of Squat Lifting, I: Effect of Load Magnitude

Scholz, John P.; Millford, Jeffrey P.; McMillan, Amy Gross

doi:10.1093/ptj/75.2.119

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…With freestyle lifting, the reduction in whole spine angle with increasing lift distance occurred mainly in the mid thoracic region. These gradual changes in spine angle with increasing lift distance are consistent with other studies, which have found gradual joint angle changes when load was scaled in squat lifting, 23,24,26,27 distance was modified in freestyle lifting, 7 and fatigue was induced when squat and stoop lifting. 3,4 This study found that with changes of crate position and hence lift distance, the lower and mid lumbar angles remained very similar across the three lift styles at lift onset (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This technique of marker placement has previously been used to successfully obtain spinal marker positioning. [23][24][25][26][27] Further reflective markers were located over the apex of the iliac crest (pelvis), greater trochanter (hip), and lateral condyle (knee). These marker placements enabled data to be collected from the mid thoracic spine, lower thoracic/upper lumbar spine, mid lumbar spine, and lower lumbar spine ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional Changes in Spine Posture at Lift Onset With Changes in Lift Distance and Lift Style

Gill¹,

Bennett²,

Savelsbergh³

et al. 2007

Spine

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Study Design. Repeated measures experiment. Objective. To determine the effect of changes in horizontal lift distance on the amount of flexion, at lift onset, in different spine regions when using different lift styles.Summary of Background Data. By approximating spine bending during lifting as a pure rotation about a single revolute joint, the differential effects of task constraints and instructions on motions of different spine levels will be obscured.Methods. Eight participants lifted a 10-kg crate from the floor, 10 times at each of five distances. Participants were instructed to use freestyle (a participant's preferred lift style), squat, or stoop lift styles. Kinematic data were collected from the mid thoracic spine, lower thoracic/ upper lumbar spine, mid lumbar spine, and the lower lumbar spine at lift onset. A whole spine angle was also calculated.Results. Flexion of the lower lumbar spine was not affected by lift distance and style. Differences between lift styles occurred mainly in the mid thoracic and the lower thoracic/upper lumbar regions. With increasing horizontal distance, changes in lift style occurred in the upper three spine regions.Conclusions. These results suggest that the tensile strain on tissues in the lower lumbar spine, which can be a cause of injury in lifting, was not affected by lift style or horizontal lift distance when lifting from floor level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Changes in Spine Posture at Lift Onset With Changes in Lift Distance and Lift Style

Gill¹,

Bennett²,

Savelsbergh³

et al. 2007

Spine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subsequent post hoc analysis showed a significant higher level of coordination in descent phase for deadlift. These results were similar to data found by Scholz et al (1995), who detected different knee-hip relative phase values when lowering or lifting weight. Subjects in that study showed a small but significant increase in the phase lag of hip motion behind knee motion with loads greater than 45% of their estimated maximum lifting capacity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Intralimb joint coordination of the lower extremities in resistance training exercises

Romanazzi

Galante

Sforza

2015

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

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“…Many different methods have been described to analyze lifting outcomes, but past interest has focused primarily on the spine and lower limbs [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Lifting per se may also be an important performance measure, and the effects of strength training may have important functional implications, particularly in disabled elders.…”

Section: Liftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower-limb extensor power and lifting characteristics in disabled elders

Dancewicz

Krebs²,

McGibbon³

2003

JRRD

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Abstract-Few reports address lifting in disabled elders.Resistance training may facilitate function by improving coordination and muscular recruitment in common lifting tasks. Subjects were considered "functionally limited" if they reported a limitation in at least 1 of 9 possible functional areas listed on the Short-Form Health Survey physical function scale (SF-36), excluding the vigorous activity item. Eighty-nine functionally limited elders (60.3 to 89.8 years old) consented to participate in an intervention trial consisting of a 6-month inhome video-facilitated resistance exercise program using elastic bands. Biomechanical variables (leg extensor power, work, squared jerk), temporal outcomes (lift time and time to peak leg powers), and leg extensor strength were analyzed with the use of analysis of variance (ANOVA) between the (1) experimental group versus control group and the (2) subgroup of the weakest third of subjects (pretest leg extensor strength as percent of body weight [BW]). The experimental group had significant improvements in strength in knee extension (16.7%) and hip extension (20.5%). Resistance-trained weak subjects significantly increased hip extension strength compared to controls. A trend toward improved performance in liftingdecreased total lift time-was noted in the resistance-trained subjects. Significant correlations were found between total leg extension power, total leg extension strength, total work, and lift time. Resistance-trained disabled elders demonstrated strength benefits and several trends consistent with improved coordination and more efficient lifting. Leg-muscle power was related to better functional performance in lifting.

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Neuromuscular Coordination of Squat Lifting, I: Effect of Load Magnitude

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Regional Changes in Spine Posture at Lift Onset With Changes in Lift Distance and Lift Style

Regional Changes in Spine Posture at Lift Onset With Changes in Lift Distance and Lift Style

Intralimb joint coordination of the lower extremities in resistance training exercises

Lower-limb extensor power and lifting characteristics in disabled elders

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