Dry Matter Yields and Photosynthetic Rates of Diploid and Hexaploid Triticum Species

Austin, R. B.; Morgan, Colin; Ford, M. A.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087169

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…temperature and water supply) that affect the mechanism. The rate of photosynthesis, in combination with the leaf area, determines plant productivity (2,10,11,18 CO2 fixation than C3 plants in bright light and high temperatures, and the biochemical and physiological origins of this are well established (19). However, although there are differences in assimilation rate between species within the C3 and C4 groups, differences between closely related plants are less well established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Photosynthetic Rate of Two Sunflower Hybrids under Water Stress

Giménez¹,

Mitchell²,

Lawlor³

1992

Plant Physiol.

175

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The effect of short-term water stress on photosynthesis of two sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annuus L. cv Sungro-380 and cv , differing in productivity under field conditions, was measured. The rate of CO2 assimilation of young, mature leaves of SH-3622 under well-watered conditions was approximately 30% greater than that of Sungro-380 in bright light and elevated C02; the carboxylation efficiency was also larger. Growth at large photon flux increased assimilation rates of both hybrids. The changes in leaf composition, including cell numbers and sizes, chlorophyll content, and amounts of total soluble and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) protein, and in Rubisco activity and amount of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) were determined to assess the factors regulating the differences in assimilation of the hybrids at high and low water potentials. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation per unit area of leaf surface depends on the capacity of the plant's photosynthetic mechanism and on those environmental factors, such as CO2 supply and radiation, which are the substrates for the process, and on those conditions (e.g. temperature and water supply) that affect the mechanism. The rate of photosynthesis, in combination with the leaf area, determines plant productivity (2,10,11,18 CO2 fixation than C3 plants in bright light and high temperatures, and the biochemical and physiological origins of this are well established (19). However, although there are differences in assimilation rate between species within the C3 and C4 groups, differences between closely related plants are less well established. Also, the causes of differences and how they relate to the characteristics of the photosynthetic mechanism between species and varieties are poorly understood (19,21,28).Genetic variation in rates of photosynthesis per unit leaf area (Pn2) has been reported for cultivars of some crop species (2, 9, 12). Possible causes of the differences in Pn between genotypes are variations in amounts or activities of specific proteins, pigments, etc. and differences in leaf structure, cell size, or stomatal frequency. Small but consistent differences in assimilation were detected between hexaploid wheats under well-watered field conditions (9), but such differences between other wheat genotypes were attributed to ploidy (2). Substantial differences (up to 35%) have been reported between cultivars of field bean (13) and in pea (21), the latter attributed to variation in Chl content. Assimilation rates were best correlated with the ratio of cell surface area to leaf surface area (19), in analyses of 112 C3 and 6 C4 species. The correlations among cell size, ploidy, and assimilation rates (22) and also the effects of nutrition on the relationship (18) makes the analysis complex. Variation in Pn has also been attributed to the amounts and activities of Rubisco. Both the amount and the activity of Rubisco can limit photosynthesis in C3 plants (11,18,22,26,28,29). Genetic variability in Rubisco content related to ploidy ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…temperature and water supply) that affect the mechanism. The rate of photosynthesis, in combination with the leaf area, determines plant productivity (2,10,11,18). Plants differ in their genetic potential for assimilation, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Photosynthetic Rate of Two Sunflower Hybrids under Water Stress

Giménez¹,

Mitchell²,

Lawlor³

1992

Plant Physiol.

175

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“…, water use efficiency (Morgan and Condon 1986) and plant dry weight (Austin et al 1986). The existence of significant genetic variability suggests that there may be scope for improving these physiological characters by seiection (Mahon 1983).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotypic Variability in Physiological Characters and Its Relationship to Drought Tolerance in Durum Wheat

Gummuluru¹,

Jana²,

Hobbs³

1989

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The lowest P n at saturation irradiance was measured in T. spelta (23.1-25.5 µmol CO 2 /m 2 /s). There are several reports in the literature indicating that the flag leaves of some diploid ancestor species have a P max up to 40% greater than those of modern wheat cultivars (Austin et al 1982(Austin et al , 1986. Austin (1990) and Kaminski et al (1990) state that lower values of P max were reached in hexaploid species than in tetraploid species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in a decrease of the process of transforming light energy into chemical bonds and the inception of photoinhibition (Muller et al 2001, Ort 2001. According to Austin et al (1986), the levels of some diploid species of wheat have higher rates of light-saturated photosynthesis than hexaploid bread wheat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%