The inhibitory effect of magnesium hydroxide on the bile acid-induced cell proliferation of colon epithelium in rats with comparison to the action of calcium lactate

Wang, Aijin; Yoshimi, Naoki; Tanaka, Takuji; Mori, Hideki

doi:10.1093/carcin/15.11.2661

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Excess iron absorption (absorption of heme iron from meat is unregulated) is a plausible, though unproven, contributor to production of oxygen radials (8). Some experimental evidence suggests that increased calcium antagonizes high-fatinduced proliferation, thus reducing the risk of colon cancer (74,75); however, case-control and cohort studies have yielded divergent results (76). Physical activity is inversely related to colon cancer risk in many studies and some of the large geographical differences in colon cancer rates that have been attributed to dietary factors are probably due to differences in physical activity (77,78,153).…”

Section: Major Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The causes and prevention of cancer.

Ames

Gold

Willett

1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,127

583

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Epidemiological evidence indicates that avoidance of smoking, increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, and control of infections will have a major effect on reducing rates of cancer. Other factors include avoidance of intense sun exposure, increases in physical activity, and reduction of alcohol consumption and possibly red meat. A substantial reduction in breast cancer is likely to require modification of sex hormone levels, and development of practical methods for doing so is a high research priority. Resolution of the potential protective roles of specific antioxidants and other constituents of fruits and vegetables deserves major attention. Mechanistic studies of carcinogenesis indicate an important role of endogenous oxidative damage to DNA that is balanced by elaborate defense and repair processes. Also key is the rate of cell division, which is influenced by hormones, growth, cytotoxicity, and inflammation, as this determines the probability of converting DNA lesions to mutations. These mechanisms may underlie many epidemiologic observations.

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Section: Major Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The causes and prevention of cancer.

Ames

Gold

Willett

1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,127

583

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“…7 In animal experiments, supplemental magnesium has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of colon cancer, possibly by means of inhibition of c-myc oncogene expression in the colon cancer cells. [8][9][10][11] Intake of magnesium has also been reported to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, 12 a potential risk factor for CRC. [13][14][15] In addition, a recently published randomized controlled study reported that magnesium treatment significantly decreased fasting C-peptide concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

Pang

2012

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Epidemiologic studies have suggested that magnesium intake may be associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the findings have been inconsistent. We aimed to assess this association by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective studies. We performed a literature search on PubMed database through July 2012 to identify prospective studies of magnesium intake in relation to CRC risk. Reference lists of the retrieved articles were also reviewed. A random-effects model was used to compute the summary risk estimates. Eight prospective studies containing 338 979 participants and 8000 CRC cases met the inclusion criteria. The summary relative risk (RR) for the highest vs lowest category of magnesium intake for CRC was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.79-1.00), with little evidence of heterogeneity. Restricting the analysis to six studies that have adjusted for calcium intake yielded a similar result. For colon and rectal cancer, the pooled RR was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70-0.93) and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.72-1.24), respectively. In the doseresponse analyses, the summary RRs for an increment of magnesium intake of 50 mg/day for colorectal, colon and rectal cancer were, respectively, 0.95 (95% CI, 0.89-1.00), 0.93 (95% CI, 0.88-0.99) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.83-1.04), and there was some evidence of heterogeneity; omitting one study that substantially contributed to the heterogeneity yielded generally similar results, but with low heterogeneity. We detected no indication of publication bias. On the basis of the findings of this meta-analysis, a higher magnesium intake seems to be associated with a modest reduction in the risk of CRC, in particular, colon cancer.

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“…7 8 Magnesium is another important mineral with various metabolic and physiological 9 functions that influence carcinogenesis (22)(23)(24). Although animal studies have 10 consistently suggested an inhibitory effect of dietary magnesium intake on colorectal 11 cancer risk (25)(26)(27)(28)(29), available epidemiological findings are few and far from being 12 conclusive (30)(31)(32)(33). Relationships between dietary magnesium intake and the risks of 13 other common site-specific cancers have been scarcely reported in literatures.…”

Section: Introduction 23mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary calcium and magnesium intake in relation to cancer incidence and mortality in a German prospective cohort (EPIC-Heidelberg)

Kaaks

Linseisen

et al. 2011

Cancer Causes Control

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To prospectively evaluate the associations of dietary calcium and magnesium intake with cancer incidence and mortality, data of 24,323 participants of the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Heidelberg), who were aged 35-64 years and cancer-free at recruitment (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998), were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression models. After an average follow-up time of 11 years, 2,050 incident cancers were diagnosed and 513 cancer deaths occurred. Dietary calcium intake was inversely but not statistically significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR] for per 100 mg increase in intake: 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88, 1.02) and lung cancer risk (HR for per 100 mg increase in intake: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.02). No statistically significant associations were observed between dietary calcium intake and site-specific or overall cancer incidence or mortality. Dietary magnesium intake was not statistically significantly associated with any of the investigated outcomes. This prospective cohort study provides no strong evidence to support that high dietary calcium and magnesium intake in the intake range observed in a German population may reduce cancer incidence or mortality. To prospectively evaluate the association of dietary calcium and magnesium intake with 2 cancer incidence and mortality and all-cause mortality, the authors analyzed data of 3 24,323 participants of the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation 4 into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Heidelberg), who were aged 35-64 years and cancer-5 free at recruitment stage (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998), using multivariate Cox regression models. After an 6 average follow-up time of 11 years, 2,050 incident cancers were diagnosed and 513 7 cancer deaths occurred (all-cause deaths = 1,161). Dietary calcium intake was inversely 8 but not statistically significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk (hazard ratio (HR) 9for per 100-mg increase of intake: 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88, 1.02) and 10 lung cancer risk (HR for per 100-mg increase of intake: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.02). No 11 statistically significant association was observed between dietary calcium intake and total 12 cancer incidence. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of dietary calcium 13 intake, participants in the highest quartile had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 14 1.20; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.45; P trend = 0.09; HR for per 100-mg increase of intake: 1.02; 95% 15 CI: 1.00, 1.05). Dietary magnesium intake was not statistically significantly related to 16 any of the investigated outcomes. This prospective cohort study provides no strong 17 evidence to support the preventive effect of dietary calcium and magnesium intake on 18 cancer incidence and mortality. However, this study suggests a mild adverse effect of 19 dietary calcium intake on all-cause mortality. 20 21

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The inhibitory effect of magnesium hydroxide on the bile acid-induced cell proliferation of colon epithelium in rats with comparison to the action of calcium lactate

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

The causes and prevention of cancer.

The causes and prevention of cancer.

Magnesium intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

Dietary calcium and magnesium intake in relation to cancer incidence and mortality in a German prospective cohort (EPIC-Heidelberg)

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