Use of Streptogramin Growth Promoters in Poultry and Isolation of Streptogramin‐Resistant<i>Enterococcus faecium</i>from Humans

Kieke, Amy; Borchardt, Mark A.; Kieke, Burney A.; Spencer, Susan K.; Vandermause, Mary; Smith, Kirk E.; Jawahir, Selina

doi:10.1086/508189

Cited by 42 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This is an important finding, considering the ability of these bacteria to cause foodborne diseases and to disseminate resistance genes (2,23,35). An important finding of concern in this study is that almost 98% of all the isolates tested were MDR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Prevalence, Resistance Patterns, and Risk Factors for Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Retail Chicken Meat in Colombia

Donado-Godoy

Byrne

León

et al. 2015

Journal of Food Protection

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As a step toward implementing the Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (COIPARS), this study aimed to establish the baseline antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella serovars, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. isolates in retail poultry meat from independent stores and from a main chain distributor center. MICs of the isolates were determined for antimicrobials used both in humans and animals, using an automated system. Salmonella serovars were isolated from 26% of the meat samples and E. coli from 83%, whereas Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were detected in 81 and 13% of the meat samples, respectively. A principal finding of concern in this study was that almost 98% of isolates tested were multidrug resistant. Ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline were the antimicrobials that showed the highest frequency of resistance among Salmonella and E. coli isolates. For enterococci, 61.5% of E. faecium isolates were found to be resistant to quinupristin-dalfopristin; this is significant because it is used to treat nosocomial infections when vancomycin resistance is present. Vancomycin resistance was detected in 4% of the E. faecalis isolates. The results of our study highlight the need for rapid implementation of an integrated program for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance by the Colombian authorities in order to monitor trends, raise awareness, and help promote practices to safeguard later generation antimicrobial agents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Prevalence, Resistance Patterns, and Risk Factors for Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Retail Chicken Meat in Colombia

Donado-Godoy

Byrne

León

et al. 2015

Journal of Food Protection

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“…However, to our knowledge this is the first report of vatD in E. faecium from animals in the USA. One E. faecium containing vatD isolated from humans in the USA was recently identified [32]. Overall, the prevalence of vatD was very low, as was the prevalence of vatE and msrC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of streptogramin resistance in enterococci from animals: identification of vatD from animal sources in the USA

Jackson

Fedorka–Cray

Barrett

et al. 2007

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…However, the utility of antimicrobial feed additives has been questioned, based on evidence that the use of low doses of antibiotics (growth promoters) in the animal food industry results in antimicrobial resistance among bacteria isolated from humans [2][3][4]. Therefore, consumers, food manufacturers, and nutrition experts are searching for alternative approaches to antibiotic growth promoters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Various Probiotic Strains or Avilamycin Feed Additive on Immune Defense Markers and Acute-Phase Response to Salmonella Infection in Chickens

Bielecka

Smoragiewicz

Siwicki

et al. 2010

Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot.

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Probiotics are a nutritional tool for disease prevention. It has been proposed that stimulation of immune response could affect the growth-promoting properties of antimicrobial growth promoters as well as the control of foodborne pathogens. The current study compares immune response in the blood of 280 non-infected and Salmonella-infected chickens fed either with the growth promoter avilamycin or with one of five probiotic strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which also showed growth-promoting properties. All of the probiotic strains stimulated superoxide anion production and the proliferation of leukocytes, while raising lysozyme and γ-globulin levels (by up to 65%, p < 0.01), which are important factors in native and cell-mediated immune defense against pathogens. In contrast, among the two strains examined, specific Salmonella antibodies were induced only by L. salivarius, and not by B. animalis, as assessed by the ELISA method and confirmed by an agglutination reaction (p < 0.05). In the avilamycin-fed group, both non-infected and infected chickens showed decreased levels of these immune markers (by 30%) and increased levels of ceruloplasmin by up to 35%. In contrast, the probiotics suppressed acute-phase response assessed by ceruloplasmin by up to 32%. This correlation implies that various antimicrobial feed additives have a distinct effect on immunomodulation, which may affect different mechanisms in the nutrition-related metabolism associated with the rate of weight gain in chickens. The data could contribute to the design of innovative antimicrobial feed additives in the food industry and consequently to well-being of humans.

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Use of Streptogramin Growth Promoters in Poultry and Isolation of Streptogramin‐ResistantEnterococcus faeciumfrom Humans

Abstract: Poultry exposure is associated with a quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance gene and inducible quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance in human fecal E. faecium. The continued use of virginiamycin may increase the potential for streptogramin-resistant E. faecium infection in humans.

Cited by 42 publications

References 39 publications

Prevalence, Resistance Patterns, and Risk Factors for Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Retail Chicken Meat in Colombia

Prevalence, Resistance Patterns, and Risk Factors for Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Retail Chicken Meat in Colombia

Prevalence of streptogramin resistance in enterococci from animals: identification of vatD from animal sources in the USA

The Effect of Various Probiotic Strains or Avilamycin Feed Additive on Immune Defense Markers and Acute-Phase Response to Salmonella Infection in Chickens

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