CCD Series no-24: closed circuit desalination compared with plug flow desalination processes of partial concentrate recycling in identical four-element modules

Efraty, A.

doi:10.1080/19443994.2016.1206091

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 20 publications

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“…The company claims a high recovery ratio of up to 98%, energy savings as well as less fouling and scaling. The main findings regarding the performance of CCRO were published in a series of papers exploring all aspects of this technology [5][6][7]. CCRO is now incorporated in different RO software such as ROSA [8], LewaPlus [9] and PROTON [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Batch Reverse Osmosis Desalination Modeling under a Time-Dependent Pressure Profile

et al. 2021

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As world demand for clean water increases, reverse osmosis (RO) desalination has emerged as an attractive solution. Continuous RO is the most used desalination technology today. However, a new generation of configurations, working in unsteady-state feed concentration and pressure, have gained more attention recently, including the batch RO process. Our work presents a mathematical modeling for batch RO that offers the possibility of monitoring all variables of the process, including specific energy consumption, as a function of time and the recovery ratio. Validation is achieved by comparison with data from the experimental set-up and an existing model in the literature. Energetic comparison with continuous RO processes confirms that batch RO can be more energy efficient than can continuous RO, especially at a higher recovery ratio. It used, at recovery, 31% less energy for seawater and 19% less energy for brackish water. Modeling also proves that the batch RO process does not have to function under constant flux to deliver good energetic performance. In fact, under a linear pressure profile, batch RO can still deliver better energetic performance than can a continuous configuration. The parameters analysis shows that salinity, pump and energy recovery devices efficiencies are directly linked to the energy demand. While increasing feed volume has a limited effect after a certain volume due to dilution, it also shows, interestingly, a recovery ratio interval in which feed volume does not affect specific energy consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%