Memory for proper names: A review

Cohen, Gillian; Burke, Deborah M.

doi:10.1080/09658219308258237

Cited by 165 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

106

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, there is only a single connection linking the lemma to the phrase. A weakening of this single connection is more likely to result in a transmission failure than when multiple connections are available Cohen & Burke, 1993) (see the more detailed account in the Introduction).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that, unlike object names, proper names lack direct connections to conceptual-semantic information associated with the names. This can explain why proper names are particularly vulnerable to retrieval deficits (Cohen & Burke, 1993). The frequent failures to retrieve proper names might in turn explain why proper names are more susceptible than object names to homophone priming.…”

Section: Age Naming Of Pictures Of Homophones and Effects Of Homophmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…when multiple connections are available. This structure of connections can explain why proper names are particularly vulnerable to a transmission deficit (Burke, Locantore, Austin, & Chae, 2004;Burke, MacKay, Worthley, & Wade, 1991;Cohen & Burke, 1993;Maylor, 1990).…”

Section: Mortensen Meyer Humphreysmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Age-related effects on speech production: A review

Mortensen

Meyer

Humphreys

2006

Language and Cognitive Processes

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In discourse, older adults tend to be more verbose and more disfluent than young adults, especially when the task is difficult and when it places few constraints on the content of the utterance. This may be due to (a) language-specific deficits in planning the content and syntactic structure of utterances or in selecting and retrieving words from the mental lexicon, (b) a general deficit in inhibiting irrelevant information, or (c) the selection of a specific speech style. The possibility that older adults have a deficit in lexical retrieval is supported by the results of picture naming studies, in which older adults have been found to name objects less accurately and more slowly than young adults, and by the results of definition naming studies, in which older adults have been found to experience more tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) states than young adults. The available evidence suggests that these age differences are largely due to weakening of the connections linking word lemmas to phonological word forms, though adults above 70 years of age may have an additional deficit in lemma selection

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Age Naming Of Pictures Of Homophones and Effects Of Homophmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Age-related effects on speech production: A review

Mortensen

Meyer

Humphreys

2006

Language and Cognitive Processes

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of these ecologically more valid stimuli appeared particularly important for examining older adults who often complain about difficulties remembering names (see e.g. Cohen & Burke, 1993;Cohen & Faulkner, 1986;Old & Naveh-Benjamin, 2012). Moreover, on the one hand age-related source memory deficits are typically observed in laboratory experiments, while on the other hand a considerable discrepancy between lab and daily-life situations has been noted (see e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluency affects source memory for familiar names in younger and older adults: Evidence from event-related brain potentials

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

2014) 'Fluency aects source memory for familiar names in younger and older adults : evidence from event-related brain potentials. ', NeuroImage.,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105] Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. depends not only on recollection, but on fluency-based processes as well. In three experiments, we used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to examine influences of fluency on source memory for famous names. At test, names were presented visually throughout, whereas visual or auditory presentation was used at learning. In Experiment 1, source decisions following old/new judgments were more accurate for repeated relative to non-repeated visually and auditorily learned names. ERPs were more positive between 300 and 600 ms for visually learned as compared to both auditorily learned and new names, resembling an N400 priming effect. In Experiment 2, we omitted the old/new decision to more directly test fast-acting fluency effects on source memory. We observed more accurate source judgments for repeated versus non-repeated visually learned names, but no such effect for repeated versus non-repeated auditorily learned names. Again, an N400 effect (300-600 ms) differentiated between visually and auditorily learned names. Importantly, this effect occurred for correct source decisions only. We interpret it as indexing fluency arising from withinmodality priming of visually learned names at test. This idea was further supported in Experiment 3, which revealed an analogous pattern of results in older adults, consistent with the assumption of spared fluency processes in older age. In sum, our findings suggest that fluency affects personrelated source memory via within-modality repetition priming in both younger and older adults.

show abstract

“…Anecdotal evidence (e.g., Cohen & Faulkner, 1984) indicates that a major complaint of older adults is their inability to recall the appropriate name of a familiar face they have seen in the past. Although controlled research also shows the performance of older adults to be inferior to that of young people in name recall (i.e., Cohen & Burke, 1993;Crook, Larrabee, & Youngjohn, 1993;Evrard, 2002;Maylor, 1997), there is some debate in the literature on whether older adults have a special deficit in remembering proper names. Some researchers (e.g., Maylor, 1997) suggest that the deficit that older adults show in proper name recall is not qualitatively different from their deficit in recalling common names.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Associative Memory Deficit of Older Adults: Further Support Using Face-Name Associations.

Naveh–Benjamin¹,

Guez²,

Kilb³

et al. 2004

Psychology and Aging

249

250

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies have established an associative deficit hypothesis (Naveh-Benjamin, 2000), which attributes part of older adults' deficient episodic memory performance to their difficulty in creating cohesive episodes. In this article, the authors further evaluate this hypothesis, using ecologically relevant materials. Young and old participants studied name-face pairs and were then tested on their recognition memory for the names, faces, and the name-face pairs. The results extend the conditions under which older adults exhibit an associative deficit. They also show that reduced attentional resources are not the sole mediator of this deficit.Studies show that memory abilities decline in old age (e.g., Craik & Jennings, 1992;Salthouse, 1991). This decline, however, seems to be differential, characterizing only some memory functions, with episodic memory being particularly vulnerable to the effects of age (e.g., Craik, 1999;Light, 1991). Past research has tried to explain the mechanisms underlying the age-related decline in episodic memory, and several hypotheses have been advanced to explain this decline in memory performance in old age (see Light, 1991, for a review).Recently, Chalfonte and Johnson (1996) and Mitchell, Johnson, Raye, Mather, and D'Esposito (2000) suggested a binding deficit hypothesis, showing that older adults have a particular deficit in memory that requires the binding of information to contextual elements. Naveh-Benjamin (2000) extended this suggestion and proposed an associative deficit hypothesis (ADH), which focuses on the distinction between memory for single units and memory for the associations between these units. The ADH claims that older adults' deficiency in creating and retrieving links between single units of information is one of the main factors that leads to poorer episodic memory. The degree to which a given memory task requires the creation or use of such associations is a significant determinant of old people's memory performance.Naveh-Benjamin (2000) used procedures that allow the independent assessment of memory for component and for associative information (Humphreys, 1976; see the Methods section). The results of four studies provided support for the ADH by showing that older adults exhibit an associative deficit for different types of relationships, including interitem (word-word or nonword-word), as well as intraitem ones (a word and the font in which it was presented). Naveh-Benjamin, Hussain, Guez, and Bar-On (2003) have recently replicated some of these results by using item and associative recognition tests. In the Naveh-Benjamin et al. (2003) study, older adults were shown to be particularly deficient in memory tests that require associations. In addition, older adults showed an associative deficit even when pictures, which usually are remembered well by older adults, are used. Finally, the results of that study supported a prediction made by an ADH, namely, that older adults will show less of an associative deficit when the components of the episodes used are ...

show abstract

Memory for proper names: A review

Cited by 165 publications

References 32 publications

Age-related effects on speech production: A review

Age-related effects on speech production: A review

Fluency affects source memory for familiar names in younger and older adults: Evidence from event-related brain potentials

The Associative Memory Deficit of Older Adults: Further Support Using Face-Name Associations.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About