Effect of microwave irradiation on reduction of graphene oxide films

Han, Haitao; Chen, Y. N.; Wang, Z. J.

doi:10.1039/c5ra19268d

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For example, the carbon/oxygen atomic ratio (C/O ratio) could be evaluated from the areas of C1s and O1s peaks and the atomic sensitivity factor. Usually, the C/O ratio of graphene oxide is ~2.2–2.7 (Stankovich et al, 2007; Chen et al, 2010; Park et al, 2011a; Li et al, 2013; Wen et al, 2014; Han et al, 2015), attributed to the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups introduced during oxidation of graphite. Further, the C1s peak can be decomposed into three peaks: C = C (284.7 eV), C-O (286.9 eV), C = O (287.77 eV) (Zhao et al, 2014), through the areas of which existing statuses of oxygen could be analyzed in a quantitative manner.…”

Section: Techniques For Characterizing Quality Of Rgomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the conductivity of graphene is as high as 1 × 10 8 S m −1 , that of graphene oxide is about 0.02–0.07 S m −1 (Li et al, 2010; Zhu et al, 2010a; Park et al, 2011a) due to the existence of oxygen-containing functional groups which disrupted sp2 bonding networks. During the reduction process, electrical conductivity can be recovered by restoring the p-network as oxygen-containing groups leave, leading to a conductivity improvement by 3–6 orders of magnitude (Chen et al, 2010; Dreyer et al, 2010; Zhao et al, 2014; Han et al, 2015). Therefore, the restoration degree of conductivity can indirectly reflect the reduction degree and quality of rGO.…”

Section: Techniques For Characterizing Quality Of Rgomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Microwave-Assisted Production of Reduced Graphene Oxide

2019

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Efficient reduction of graphene oxide to obtain high-quality graphene nanosheets is desirable for energy storage, catalysis, electronics and environmental remediation. In this brief review, we mainly focus on the microwave-assisted production of reduced graphene oxide in three categories: (1) microwave-assisted chemical reduction of graphene oxide; (2) microwave-assisted thermal reduction of graphene oxide; (3) microwave-assisted simultaneous thermal exfoliation & thermal reduction of graphite oxide. We also summarize common techniques for characterizing reduction efficiency and quality of as-obtained rGO.

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Section: Techniques For Characterizing Quality Of Rgomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Techniques For Characterizing Quality Of Rgomentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Microwave-Assisted Production of Reduced Graphene Oxide

2019

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“…Nevertheless, in sample B3, MWR conditions t = 20 min and T = 80 °C, a third peak is shown on the diffraction pattern at 26.6 corresponding to graphite. The carbon material “partially oxidized” suggested that the MWR has a similar effect like in the chemical reduction of GrO [ 21 , 22 ]. The XRD peaks associated with the GrO reduction chemistry are in a range of 24.0 to 25.5 [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Graphite Oxide with Different Surface Oxygen Contents Assisted Microwave Radiation

2018

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Graphite oxide is synthesized via oxidation reaction using oxidant compounds that have lattice defects by the incorporation of unlike functional groups. Herein, we report the synthesis of the graphite oxide with diverse surface oxygen content through three (B, C, D) different modified versions of the Hummers method assisted microwave radiation compared with the conventional graphite oxide sample obtained by Hummers method (A). These methods allow not only the production of graphite oxide but also reduced graphene oxide, without undergoing chemical, thermal, or mechanical reduction steps. The values obtained of C/O ratio were ~2, 3.4, and ~8.5 for methodologies C, B, and D, respectively, indicating the presence of graphite oxide and reduced graphene oxide, according to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy of method D shows the fewest structural defects compared to the other methodologies. The results obtained suggest that the permanganate ion produces reducing species during graphite oxidation. The generation of these species is attributed to a reversible reaction between the permanganate ion with π electrons, ions, and radicals produced after treatment with microwave radiation.

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“…Other reductants used for the chemical transformation of GO to graphene are hydroquinone [56], gaseous H 2 [57], alkaline solution [58–59], and ascorbic acid [60]. Despite the chemical reagent reduction, other reduction processes are used for the conversion of GO to graphene, e.g., microwave irradiation [61–62], electrochemical reduction [63–64], thermal annealing [46,65], photocatalytic reduction [66], solvothermal reduction [67–68], thermal deoxygenation [69], or chemical deoxygenation [70]. In terms of electrical conductivity, the quality of reduced graphene is lower than the GS prepared by CVD.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

Jana¹,

Scheer²,

Polarz³

2017

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Single layer graphite, known as graphene, is an important material because of its unique two-dimensional structure, high conductivity, excellent electron mobility and high surface area. To explore the more prospective properties of graphene, graphene hybrids have been synthesised, where graphene has been integrated with other important nanoparticles (NPs). These graphene–NP hybrid structures are particularly interesting because after hybridisation they not only display the individual properties of graphene and the NPs, but also they exhibit further synergistic properties. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO), a graphene-like material, can be easily prepared by reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and therefore offers the possibility to fabricate a large variety of graphene–transition metal oxide (TMO) NP hybrids. These hybrid materials are promising alternatives to reduce the drawbacks of using only TMO NPs in various applications, such as anode materials in lithium ion batteries (LIBs), sensors, photocatalysts, removal of organic pollutants, etc. Recent studies have shown that a single graphene sheet (GS) has extraordinary electronic transport properties. One possible route to connecting those properties for application in electronics would be to prepare graphene-wrapped TMO NPs. In this critical review, we discuss the development of graphene–TMO hybrids with the detailed account of their synthesis. In addition, attention is given to the wide range of applications. This review covers the details of graphene–TMO hybrid materials and ends with a summary where an outlook on future perspectives to improve the properties of the hybrid materials in view of applications are outlined.

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Effect of microwave irradiation on reduction of graphene oxide films

Abstract: In this study, the effect of microwave irradiation on reduction of graphene oxide films was investigated.

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Advances in Microwave-Assisted Production of Reduced Graphene Oxide

Advances in Microwave-Assisted Production of Reduced Graphene Oxide

Synthesis of Graphite Oxide with Different Surface Oxygen Contents Assisted Microwave Radiation

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

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