Strategies to improve wheat for human health

Hazard, Brittany; Trafford, Kay; Lovegrove, Alison; Griffiths, Simon; Uauy, Cristóbal; Shewry, Peter R.

doi:10.1038/s43016-020-0134-6

Cited by 55 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Therefore, too high a concentration of compounds present in crickets is unacceptable. With the increase in the conversion of WF to CP, biscuits more and more resembled wholemeal flour biscuits (see Section 2.2 ) and although such products are commonly considered to be more healthy [ 48 ], unfortunately this did not meet with growing marks in the consumer assessment of the appearance of biscuits. The evaluation of the texture of the biscuits has also changed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Field NMR Study of Shortcake Biscuits with Cricket Powder, and Their Nutritional and Physical Characteristics

et al. 2021

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The growing human population renders challenges for the future supply of food products with high nutritional value. Here, we enhanced the functional and nutritional value of biscuits, a popular sweet snack, by replacing the wheat flour with 2%, 6%, or 10% (w/w) cricket powder. Consumer acceptance ratings for reference and 2% augmented cookies were comparable, whereas the higher levels of enhancement received inferior consumer scores. This relatively small change in biscuit recipe provided significant and nutritionally desirable enhancements in the biscuits, observed in a series of analyses. An increase in the protein content was observed, including essential amino acids, as well as minerals and fat. This conversion also affected the physical properties of the biscuits, including hardness, and water molecular dynamics measured by 1H NMR. Cricket powder-augmented biscuits join the line of enhanced, functionally superior food products. This and similar food augmentation provide a viable scenario to meet the human food demands in the future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Field NMR Study of Shortcake Biscuits with Cricket Powder, and Their Nutritional and Physical Characteristics

et al. 2021

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“…Among the growth and agronomic traits altered by ccd4 and/or pll mutations, mutations in the A or B subgenome homoeologs of CCD4 and PLL alone already had a significant impact on the convex hull area of seminal roots, the seminal root length (1)(2)(3)(4)(5), and the coleoptile length; these mutant phenotypes were exacerbated in ccd-A4 ccd-B4 pll-A pll-B where both A and B subgenome homoeologs were knocked out (Figures 5, 6). This suggests that the A and B subgenome homoeologs of CCD4 and/or PLL play distinct roles in controlling the above-mentioned traits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Role of Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 4 Homoeologs in Carotenoid Accumulation and Plant Growth in Tetraploid Wheat

Song

Tian

2021

Front. Nutr.

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The dietary needs of humans for provitamin A carotenoids arise from their inability to synthesize vitamin A de novo. To improve the status of this essential micronutrient, special attention has been given to biofortification of staple foods, such as wheat grains, which are consumed in large quantities but contain low levels of provitamin A carotenoids. However, there remains an unclear contribution of metabolic genes and homoeologs to the turnover of carotenoids in wheat grains. To better understand carotenoid catabolism in tetraploid wheat, Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING) mutants of CCD4, encoding a Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase (CCD) that cleaves carotenoids into smaller apocarotenoid molecules, were isolated and characterized. Our analysis showed that ccd4 mutations co-segregated with Poltergeist-like (pll) mutations in the TILLING mutants of A and B subgenomes, hence the ccd-A4 pll-A, ccd-B4 pll-B, and ccd-A4 ccd-B4 pll-A pll-B mutants were analyzed in this study. Carotenoid profiles are comparable in mature grains of the mutant and control plants, indicating that CCD4 homoeologs do not have a major impact on carotenoid accumulation in grains. However, the neoxanthin content was increased in leaves of ccd-A4 ccd-B4 pll-A pll-B relative to the control. In addition, four unidentified carotenoids showed a unique presence in leaves of ccd-A4 ccd-B4 pll-A pll-B plants. These results suggested that CCD4 homoeologs may contribute to the turnover of neoxanthin and the unidentified carotenoids in leaves. Interestingly, abnormal spike, grain, and seminal root phenotypes were also observed for ccd-A4 pll-A, ccd-B4 pll-B, and ccd-A4 ccd-B4 pll-A pll-B plants, suggesting that CCD4 and/or PLL homoeologs could function toward these traits. Overall, this study not only reveals the role of CCD4 in cleavage of carotenoids in leaves and grains, but also uncovers several critical growth traits that are controlled by CCD4, PLL, or the CCD4-PLL interaction.

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“…Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) feeds about 40% of the world's population [31]. Wheat grains with the high RS content could provide additional health benefits [8,9,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) feeds about 40% of the world's population [31]. Wheat grains with the high RS content could provide additional health benefits [8,9,31]. While, there is no spectroscopy model for determining the content of RS in wheat grains yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Attenuated Total Reflectance Mid-Infrared (ATR-MIR) and Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy for the Determination of Resistant Starch Content in Wheat Grains

Wang

Wei

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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The chemical method for the determination of the resistant starch (RS) content in grains is time-consuming and labor intensive. Near-infrared (NIR) and attenuated total reflectance mid-infrared (ATR-MIR) spectroscopy are rapid and nondestructive analytical techniques for determining grain quality. This study was the first report to establish and compare these two spectroscopic techniques for determining the RS content in wheat grains. Calibration models with four preprocessing techniques based on the partial least squares (PLS) algorithm were built. In the NIR technique, the mean normalization + Savitzky–Golay smoothing (MN + SGS) preprocessing technique had a higher coefficient of determination ( R c 2 = 0.672; R p 2 = 0.552) and a relative lower root mean square error value (RMSEC = 0.385; RMSEP = 0.459). In the ATR-MIR technique, the baseline preprocessing method exhibited a better performance regarding to the values of coefficient of determination ( R c 2 = 0.927; R p 2 = 0.828) and mean square error value (RMSEC = 0.153; RMSEP = 0.284). The validation of the developed best NIR and ATR-MIR calibration models showed that the ATR-MIR best calibration model has a better RS prediction ability than the NIR best calibration model. Two high grain RS content wheat mutants were screened out by the ATR-MIR best calibration model from the wheat mutant library. There was no significant difference between the predicted values and chemical measured values in the two high RS content mutants. It proved that the ATR-MIR model can be a perfect substitute in RS measuring. All the results indicated that the ATR-MIR spectroscopy with improved screening efficiency can be used as a fast, rapid, and nondestructive method in high grain RS content wheat breeding.

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Strategies to improve wheat for human health

Cited by 55 publications

References 48 publications

Low-Field NMR Study of Shortcake Biscuits with Cricket Powder, and Their Nutritional and Physical Characteristics

Low-Field NMR Study of Shortcake Biscuits with Cricket Powder, and Their Nutritional and Physical Characteristics

Assessing the Role of Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 4 Homoeologs in Carotenoid Accumulation and Plant Growth in Tetraploid Wheat

Development of Attenuated Total Reflectance Mid-Infrared (ATR-MIR) and Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy for the Determination of Resistant Starch Content in Wheat Grains

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