2014
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4186
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Abstract: It is important from a fundamental standpoint and for practical applications to understand how the mechanical properties of graphene are influenced by defects. Here we report that the two-dimensional elastic modulus of graphene is maintained even at a high density of sp 3 -type defects. Moreover, the breaking strength of defective graphene is only B14% smaller than its pristine counterpart in the sp 3 -defect regime. By contrast, we report a significant drop in the mechanical properties of graphene in the vaca… Show more

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Cited by 579 publications
(435 citation statements)
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References 56 publications
(86 reference statements)
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“…The dramatic deterioration in mechanical properties is attributed to not only the conversion of sp 2 to sp 3 bonding but also the easy-rotation of unsupported sp 3 bonds. On the other hand, it is reported [298] that the 2D elastic modulus and strength of graphene can be maintained even at a high-density of sp 3 -type defects, in contrast to significant degradation of mechanical properties in the vacancy-defect regime.…”
Section: Disorders In Graphene Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The dramatic deterioration in mechanical properties is attributed to not only the conversion of sp 2 to sp 3 bonding but also the easy-rotation of unsupported sp 3 bonds. On the other hand, it is reported [298] that the 2D elastic modulus and strength of graphene can be maintained even at a high-density of sp 3 -type defects, in contrast to significant degradation of mechanical properties in the vacancy-defect regime.…”
Section: Disorders In Graphene Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first step in understanding the formation of Li 3 C 8 was to investigate the presence of defects in the graphene lattice and their participation in lithium ion interaction. Recent studies by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 25,26 and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) [27][28][29] have discovered the existence of a variety of structural defects in graphene. While Stone-Wales defect (defect generated by pure reconstruction of a graphene lattice into non-hexagonal forms) is less likely to form in thermally reduced GO due to a high formation energy required for the incorporation of such a defect, the existence of vacancies is far more likely.…”
Section: Articlementioning
confidence: 99%
“…26 To assess how the maximum deflection evolves with elastic modulus when D and E are connected by the conventional relation D = 1 12 Eh 2 (we disregard Poisson's ratio and recall that E stands for the 2D elastic modulus), Eqs. (19), (20) are solved for a monolayer membrane made of reduced graphene oxide with the Young's modulus 0.82 TPa 16 and thickness h = 1.2 nm 27 suspended over a trench with width l = 1 µm (this value equals the diameter of a circular membrane used in experiments 16 ). We set q * = 0.02 MPa and determine the initial curvature from the formula for a circular segment K = 8W 0 /(l 2 + 4W 2 0 ), where the maximum deflection before application of pressure reads W 0 = 20 nm in accord with Ref.…”
Section: Numerical Simulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the above inequalities are fulfilled in bending tests on nanomembranes, treatment of experimental data reveals a counter-intuitive stiffening (an apparent increase in the elastic modulus) of a monolayer membrane induced by the growth of concentration of point and linear defects under ion bombardment, 14 which contradicts the conventional viewpoint that defects in a crystalline lattice induce softening of its elastic response. [15][16][17][18] The defect-induced stiffening of a suspended membrane may be attributed to the fact that the membrane is not flat before loading, but contains a number of wrinkles and ripples. 19 The presence of wrinkles and ripples in 2D nanomembranes is confirmed by observations reported in Refs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%