2008
DOI: 10.1038/nature06599
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Abstract: One of the most pervasive problems afflicting people throughout the world is inadequate access to clean water and sanitation. Problems with water are expected to grow worse in the coming decades, with water scarcity occurring globally, even in regions currently considered water-rich. Addressing these problems calls out for a tremendous amount of research to be conducted to identify robust new methods of purifying water at lower cost and with less energy, while at the same time minimizing the use of chemicals a… Show more

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Cited by 6,876 publications
(3,261 citation statements)
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References 89 publications
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“…Over the coming decades an increasing part of the world population will face the effects of shortages in freshwater if present trends in population growth and economic development continue [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. When seawater or brackish ground water are available as sources of freshwater, energy-efficient desalination can be a strategy to relieve water scarcity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Over the coming decades an increasing part of the world population will face the effects of shortages in freshwater if present trends in population growth and economic development continue [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. When seawater or brackish ground water are available as sources of freshwater, energy-efficient desalination can be a strategy to relieve water scarcity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[4][5][6] Microfluidic systems have been proven to be promising tools for particle/cell manipulation with higher sensitivity and accuracy than their macroscale counterparts. The last decade has seen extensive development of microfluidic approaches for particle/cell manipulation that resort to immunocapture, 7 externally applied physical fields, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] microfiltration, 19,20 gravitational sedimentation, 21 or deterministic lateral migration.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Jiangsu province, for example, carbon dioxide emissions increased by 28% in 2012 when a type of water filtration called ozone-biological activated carbon treatment was extended to one-quarter of the province's supply (5.3 million tonnes per day). China is in need of cheap, energy-efficient methods of water purification that minimize chemical use 4 .…”
Section: Short Supplymentioning
confidence: 99%