Polymer Nanowire/Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: How Nanostructure Determines Photovoltaic Properties

Xin, Hao; Reid, Obadiah G.; Ren, Guoqiang; Kim, Felix Sunjoo; Ginger, David S.; Jenekhe, Samson A.

doi:10.1021/nn9014906

Cited by 168 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…In comparison, the PCE for P3HT nanowire-fullerene systems in unannealed samples was 3.6%. In 2010 Jenekhe and coworkers 62 reported the impact of various processing conditions on the PCEs in the P3BT nanowires/PC 71 BM system. They found that the thermal annealing of the films at 175 C for 10 min increases the efficiency from $1 to $3%.…”

Section: Use Of Nanowiresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for controlling the active layer morphologies in OPVs

Gavvalapalli

Venkataraman

2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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This review focuses on the recent developments in our understanding of active layer morphologies for organic photovoltaic cells and approaches to obtain active layer morphologies for high power conversion efficiencies. The evolution of active layer morphologies, as studied by high resolution electron microscopy, X-ray and neutron scattering, and dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry, is covered, along with strategies including the use of small molecule additives, polymer nanowires and polymer nanoparticles to realize active layer morphologies.

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Section: Use Of Nanowiresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for controlling the active layer morphologies in OPVs

Gavvalapalli

Venkataraman

2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…In addition to deposition location, alignment of polymer fibers and organic nanowires is desirable on many fronts and essential for equipment that utilizes and/or manipulates electromagnetic energy. Alignment of organic micro-or nano-fibers is beneficial for enhanced charge transport [231,232,263,264], production of polarized light emission [265,266], improved absorption and photovoltaic properties [123,267], and enhanced crystal properties [268]. Additional benefits of parallel fiber arrangement include directional cell growth [269] and guided cell differentiation [270] as well as the achievement of high-modulus, highstrength fibers, which can be used for heat-resistant and protective clothing [271,272].…”

Section: Es Fabrication Of Organic Micro-and Nano-fiber Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning for nano- to mesoscale photonic structures

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The fabrication of photonic and electronic structures and devices has directed the manufacturing industry for the last 50 years. Currently, the majority of small-scale photonic devices are created by traditional microfabrication techniques that create features by processes such as lithography and electron or ion beam direct writing. Microfabrication techniques are often expensive and slow. In contrast, the use of electrospinning (ES) in the fabrication of microand nano-scale devices for the manipulation of photons and electrons provides a relatively simple and economic viable alternative. ES involves the delivery of a polymer solution to a capillary held at a high voltage relative to the fiber deposition surface. Electrostatic force developed between the collection plate and the polymer promotes fiber deposition onto the collection plate. Issues with ES fabrication exist primarily due to an instability region that exists between the capillary and collection plate and is characterized by chaotic motion of the depositing polymer fiber. Material limitations to ES also exist; not all polymers of interest are amenable to the ES process due to process dependencies on molecular weight and chain entanglement or incompatibility with other polymers and overall process compatibility. Passive and active electronic and photonic fibers fabricated through the ES have great potential for use in light generation and collection in optical and electronic structures/ devices. ES produces fiber devices that can be combined with inorganic, metallic, biological, or organic materials for novel device design. Synergistic material selection and postprocessing techniques are also utilized for broad-ranging applications of organic nanofibers that span from biological to electronic, photovoltaic, or photonic. As the ability to electrospin optically and/or electronically active materials in a controlled manner continues to improve, the complexity and diversity of devices fabricated from this process can be expected to grow rapidly and provide an alternative to traditional resource-intensive fabrication techniques.

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“…Combining the conducting polymers with different receptor units (for example, metals and inorganic semiconductors) can produce new composite materials exhibiting distinct architectures and properties not exhibited by their individual components. 23,24 The p-n junction is of great importance both in modern electronic applications and in our understanding of heterojunction Àsemiconductor interfaces and surfaces. The rational design of p-n junctions can lead to the synthesis of new molecular materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%