Structure-property relationships of polyacetylene/polybutadiene blends

Rubner, Michael F.; Tripathy, Sukant K.; Georger, J.; Cholewa, Piotr P.

doi:10.1021/ma00240a007

Cited by 99 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The most significant form of degradation involves the rapid propagation of a sodium metal-filled crack, driven by the Poiseuille pressure of sodium cathodically plated in it, leading to an electronic short circuit (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). This form of degradation, Mode I, starts from a pre-existing surface flaw when a critical current density is exceeded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polythiophene/PolyTHF: A Multicomponent Electrically Conducting Polymer

Druy¹

1986

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrically conducting polymers have been plagued in the past by problems associated with environmental stability and/or poor mechanical properties. Polyacetylene, the prototype conducting polymer, was successfully blended with elastomers (1) and thermoplastic elastomers (2). As a result its mechanical properties were dramatically improved. Blending, however, had no major impact on stability (1). Soluble processible conducting polymer precursors such as polyphenylene and polyphenylene sulfide have been doped in solution and conducting films of these materials could be cast from the solution (3). Unfortunately, once doped, polyphenylene and polyphenylene sulfide are quite reactive in air (4, 5).Polyheterocycles such as polythiophene and polypyrrole are polymers which have exhibited dramatic improvements in oxidative stability (6). Recent work by several investigators has enhanced the mechanical properties of polypyrrole by forming composites with polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl chloride (7).Polythiophene, however, has rather poor mechanical properties. In fact it is very difficult to synthesize polythiophene as a free-standing film (>10 microns thick). Most attempts to electrochemically synthesize polythiophene result in intractable powders which are deposited on the surface of an electrode (8,9). Only by keeping the current density at 10 tLAYcm 2 is it possible to peel off a fragile free-standing film (9). Since the conductivity of polythiophene is rather stable in air, attempts to improve its mechanical properties and processibility are warranted. Furthermore our research is aimed at obtaining structural modification and control of the morphology of polymers via electrochemical means. This communication describes a successful electrochemical approach to the improvement of the mechanical properties and processibility of polythiophene. Recent work by Frommer et al. suggests that polythiophene can be chemically polymerized in solution and conducting films can be cast (10). In another laboratory, free-standing films of polythiophene were grown electrochemically using large applied potentials (>10V) (11). Because of these high potentials, other reactions such as ring opening may occur and thus the material may contain species other than polythiophene.Experimental A three compartment electrochemical cell was used for the electrochemical synthesis of a polythiophene/ polyTHF multicomponent system. Figure 1 shows this cell. A Ag/Ag + reference electrode (+0.3V vs. SCE) was used to monitor the working electrode potential during the galvanostatic synthetic process. The working electrode was a 4 cm • 2.5 cm platinum working electrode, and a nickel mesh counterelectrode was used. The cell was filled with 50 ml of a 1M lithium perchlorate in tetrahydrofuran solution. The lithium perchlorate (G. F. Smith Company) had been previously dried at 110~ in dynamic vacuum for 36h, and then melted and allowed to cool under dynamic vacuum. The tetrahydrofuran (Fisher HPLC) was refluxed over lithium aluminum hydride, collected, and tra...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result its mechanical properties were dramatically improved. Blending, however, had no major impact on stability (1). Soluble processible conducting polymer precursors such as polyphenylene and polyphenylene sulfide have been doped in solution and conducting films of these materials could be cast from the solution (3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Polythiophene/PolyTHF: A Multicomponent Electrically Conducting Polymer

Druy¹

1986

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Article where metal salts are solvated [4]. In such a complex system, it is very interesting to know the positron behavior.…”

Section: Contributedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and positron behavior in FeCl₃ doped PVA/PVP blend

Ravindrachary

Bhajantri

Harisha

et al. 2009

Phys. Status Solidi (c)

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We are reporting the positron behaviour in transition metal chloride FeCl3 doped PVA/PVP (50:50) blend. Pure and FeCl3 doped blend films were prepared using solution casting method and studied using X‐ray Diffraction (XRD) and Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS). XRD studies show that the doping increases the amorphous nature of the blend and the PALS studies reveal that the o‐Ps lifetime (τ3) and intensity (I3) decreases with increase in FeCl3 doping level. This is due to chemical quenching and inhibition process of Ps due to doping concentration, which are discussed in the text. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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“…This instability is due to easy access of chemical agents such as oxygen to reactive sites along the highly conjugated unsubstituted backbone. Attempts to overcome these limitations for eventual device fabrication have included the synthesis of blends of PA that exhibit elastic or plastic properties, [2,3] and optimization of the thin-film morphology. [4] Although mechanical properties of PAs could indeed be improved with these techniques, little progress was made towards improving the electrical stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Conjugated Ionic Polyacetylenes: Thin-Film Processing and Potential Applications

Blumstein¹,

Samuelson

1998

Adv. Mater.

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Processible, highly conjugated polyacetylenes (PAs) may sound like a contradiction in terms, since PAs are insoluble, infusible, and electrically unstable. However, a recent attempt to overcome these limitations by introducing one or two ionic charges into each repeat unit (see Figure) was successful. Amphiphilic systems, composites, and blends are described, together with some features of the resulting films.

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Structure-property relationships of polyacetylene/polybutadiene blends

Cited by 99 publications

References 3 publications

Polythiophene/PolyTHF: A Multicomponent Electrically Conducting Polymer

Polythiophene/PolyTHF: A Multicomponent Electrically Conducting Polymer

Microstructure and positron behavior in FeCl₃ doped PVA/PVP blend

Highly Conjugated Ionic Polyacetylenes: Thin-Film Processing and Potential Applications

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Structure-property relationships of polyacetylene/polybutadiene blends

Cited by 99 publications

References 3 publications

Polythiophene/PolyTHF: A Multicomponent Electrically Conducting Polymer

Polythiophene/PolyTHF: A Multicomponent Electrically Conducting Polymer

Microstructure and positron behavior in FeCl3 doped PVA/PVP blend

Highly Conjugated Ionic Polyacetylenes: Thin-Film Processing and Potential Applications

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Product

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Microstructure and positron behavior in FeCl₃ doped PVA/PVP blend