Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules. 3. Singlet electronic energy transfer in poly[(9-phenanthryl)methyl methacrylate] and its copolymers

Ng, Dominic S.; Guillet, J. E.

doi:10.1021/ma00231a009

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…It was proposed that the hydrophobic naphthyl derivatives formed aggregates in the aqueous medium, thereby enhancing the energy transfer process (3). This report was followed by a series of papers on the antenna effect, initiated in 1982 (4). These seminal publications illustrate the importance of the antenna effect upon the photophysics and photochemistries that occur within the close confines of the hydrophobic domains, which can be created in aqueous polymer solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Luminescence studies of hydrophobically modified, water-soluble polymers. I. Fluorescence anisotropy and spectroscopic investigations of the conformational behaviour of copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene or methyl methacrylate

Ebdon¹,

Hunt²,

Lucas³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Chem.

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Fluorescence spectroscopy and anisotropy measurements have been used to study a series of styrene -acrylic acid, STY-AA, and methyl methacrylate -acrylic acid, MMA-AA, copolymers in dilute methanolic and aqueous solutions. Copolymerization of either STY or MMA with AA has little effect upon the rate of intramolecular segmental motion in methanol solutions. In aqueous media, intramolecular hydrophobic aggregation occurs and restricts the macromolecular dynamics to an extent dependent upon pH, nature of the comonomer, and copolymer composition. The hydrophobic domains formed in these copolymer systems can solubilize organic guests. In this respect, STY is a more powerful modifier of AA-based polymer behaviours than is MMA. In general, the hydrophobic modification increases the solubilization power of the resultant polymer. Furthermore, the copolymers retain their solubilization capacities to higher values of pH the more hydrophobic the comonomer and the greater its content in the copolymer. The interiors of the hydrophobic aggregates reduce the mobilities of occluded guests: the microviscosities of the domain interiors depend upon the nature of the hydrophobe, pH, and copolymer composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Luminescence studies of hydrophobically modified, water-soluble polymers. I. Fluorescence anisotropy and spectroscopic investigations of the conformational behaviour of copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene or methyl methacrylate

Ebdon¹,

Hunt²,

Lucas³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Chem.

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“…9‐Methacryloxymethyl phenanthrene ( 1 ) was synthesized as described by Ng and Guillet22 and Zhao et al6 9‐Methacryloxymethyl‐10‐methyl anthracene ( 5 ) and 9‐(2′‐methacryloxyethyl)‐oxymethyl‐10‐methyl anthracene ( 6 ) were synthesized as described by Liu et al19…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate in the presence of fluorescent dyes

Oh¹,

Wu²,

Winnik³

et al. 2002

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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This article describes our first experiments for preparing dye‐labeled latex particles by the emulsion copolymerization of a 4/1 (w/w) mixture of vinyl acetate‐butylacrylate (VAc‐BA). We discuss the synthesis of acrylate derivatives of phenanthrene, anthracene, and pyrene [9‐acryloxymethyl phenanthrene (7), 9‐acryloxymethyl‐10‐methyl anthracene (8), and 1‐acryloxymethyl pyrene (10)] and an allyl ether derivative of anthracene [9‐allyoxymethyl‐10‐methyl anthracene (9)]. Although the phenanthrene derivative 7 gave latex particles with high monomer conversion and good dye incorporation, the pyrene acrylate and both anthracene comonomers strongly inhibited the free‐radical reaction. To assist our search for a dye that would serve as a useful energy acceptor for phenanthrene and without suppressing VAc‐BA polymerization, we also examined batch emulsion polymerization in the presence of a variety of dye derivatives—substituted anthracenes, acridines, a coumarin, and two benzophenone derivatives. All of the anthracene derivatives, as well as acridine, strongly inhibited monomer polymerization. The coumarin dye 7‐hydroxy‐4‐methyl coumarin (22) that had only limited solubility allowed more than 90% monomer conversion. Most promising were 2‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl benzophenone (23) and 4‐N,N‐dimethylamino benzophenone (24) that at 1 mol % in the monomer mixture permitted virtually quantitative monomer conversion to latex. 4′‐Dimethylamino‐2‐acryloxy‐5‐methyl benzophenone (25) copolymerized well with the VAc‐BA mixture, yielding latex particles in high yield and with a narrow size distribution. These dyes appear to be useful acceptor dyes for energy‐transfer experiments with phenanthrene. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1594–1607, 2002

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“…attaching bulky groups to the chromophore (15), and (v) using chromophores in which excimer formation is inhibited for other reasons (1,16,17). The latter two methods are preferred as the other approaches are expected to adversely affect the efficiency of energy migration by increasing the interchromophore separation.…”

Section: Wavelength (Nm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy migration and transfer in styrene-containing polymers with inhibited excimer formation

Ghiggino¹,

Smith²,

Haines³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Chem.

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Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic techniques have been used to examine energy transfer and the migration of photoexcitation energy in styrene-containing polymer systems in which excimer formation is inhibited. In particular, copolymers of styrene and p-tert-butyl styrene with acenaphthylene (ACE) acceptor chromophores have been studied. Energy transfer efficiencies between styrene moieties and ACE chromophores incorporated as in-chain traps have been determined and are higher than predicted for a single-step Forster dipole-dipole energy transfer process. The results are discussed with reference to the possible mechanisms for excitation energy transport in these polymers.

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Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules. 3. Singlet electronic energy transfer in poly[(9-phenanthryl)methyl methacrylate] and its copolymers

Cited by 51 publications

References 4 publications

Luminescence studies of hydrophobically modified, water-soluble polymers. I. Fluorescence anisotropy and spectroscopic investigations of the conformational behaviour of copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene or methyl methacrylate

Luminescence studies of hydrophobically modified, water-soluble polymers. I. Fluorescence anisotropy and spectroscopic investigations of the conformational behaviour of copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene or methyl methacrylate

Emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate in the presence of fluorescent dyes

Energy migration and transfer in styrene-containing polymers with inhibited excimer formation

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