Propylene-Sulfuric Acid Reaction

Pelofsky, Arnold H.

doi:10.1021/i360042a012

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the pre‐conditioning step, the PP‐HFMF membrane was subjected to chemical pre‐treatment for generating functional groups on the membrane surface. The PP‐HFMF membrane was pre‐treated using H 2 SO 4 and H 2 O 2 solution at a volume ratio of 3:1 and 65 °C temperature for 90 min to generate hydroxyl groups on the membrane surface . The proposed reaction involved in the hydroxylation of PP‐HFMF fibre surface is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling resistant sericin‐coated polymeric microfiltration membrane

Verma

Subbiah

2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Greywater and produced water are undoubtedly valuable resources for reclaimed water, which can lessen the burden on use of freshwater. However, most often the membrane technology used for treatment of greywater and produced water suffers massively from fouling-related issues. In the present study, a novel and facile method is successfully developed for modification of polypropylene (PP) microfiltration (MF) membrane via surface coating with sericin for imparting better antifouling properties.RESULT: The membrane hydrophilicity significantly improved after sericin coating and exhibited high water content (64.87%) and low water contact angle (38 ∘ ). In a comparative study with synthetic greywater, the sericin-coated membrane removed <90% turbidity and produced a greater volume of purified water with 15% less fouling compared to the uncoated membrane. The fouling experiment concludes that the sericin-coated membrane can reduce reversible and irreversible fouling by ≈30% and ≈83.00%, respectively, relative to the uncoated membrane using pure water backwash operation. In the second case, the sericin-coated membrane was able to provide consistent permeate quality with produced water: chemical oxygen demand <43 ppm, biological oxygen demand <6.8 ppm, suspended solids completely removed, total dissolved solids <112 ppm, turbidity <5 NTU and oil content <0.044 ppm, together with 10.5% less fouling than uncoated membrane. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that sericin coating enhanced membrane hydrophilicity and hence exhibited better antifouling properties. The sericin-coated MF membrane effectively treated greywater as well as produced water with less fouling and withinlimits of national standards for reusability. NOMENCLATURE A Membrane area (m 2 ) J Volumetric permeate water flux (m 3 m -2 s -1 ) J 1 Pure water flux after each backwash (m 3 m -2 s -1 ) J 2 Pure water flux of the fouled membrane at the end of each cycle (m 3 m -2 s -1 ) J c Pure water flux of cleaned membrane (m 3 m -2 s -1 ) J o Pure water flux of new membrane (m 3 m -2 s -1 ) J w Pure water flux (m 3 m -2 s -1 ) P m Permeability (m 3 m -2 s -1 Pa)P tm Transmembrane pressure (kPa) t Time (s) V Volume of permeate (m 3 ) W d Weight of dry membrane (g) W w Weight of wet membrane (g) m Density of membrane (g L -1 ) w Density of isopropanol (g L -1 ) Effect of temperature During membrane coating, sericin solution was circulated at different temperatures of 10, 20, 30 and 40 ∘ C to evaluate the effect of temperature on the coating of sericin to PP membrane surface J Chem Technol Biotechnol 2019; 94: 3637-3649

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling resistant sericin‐coated polymeric microfiltration membrane

Verma

Subbiah

2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The reaction of an olefin with sulfuric acid is actually a complex series of reactions in which water plays a major role in determining the concentrations of the intermediate alkyl sulfates (Pelofsky, 1972;Plant and Sidgwick, 1921). Figure 14 shows the reactions associated with the strong acid-ethanol process (reaction of ethylene with sulfuric acid).…”

Section: [235]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential carcinogenic and mutagenic industrial chemicals. I. Alkylating agents

Fishbein¹

1980

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Isopropyl Alcohol

Logsdon¹,

Loke²

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Isopropyl alcohol is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid having a low order of toxicity and a mild odor. Its main uses are as a chemical intermediate and in solvent applications in medicine and industry. The majority of the isopropyl alcohol in the United States is produced by indirect hydration of propylene in the weak sulfuric acid process. Outside the United States, several acid‐catalyzed direct hydration of propylene processes are also used. The indirect process can use refinery‐grade propylene streams and lower operating pressures than the direct process, but suffers from higher corrosion and maintenance costs. These processes and the various catalysts employed are described. Isopropyl alcohol demand in the United States has been declining slowly since 1983. Demand is expected to grow slightly owing to increasing use as a chemical intermediate. In addition to its use in the production of acetone, isoproyl alcohol is consumed in the production of higher ketones, amines, esters, and other chemicals. The use of diisopropyl ether as a fuel oxygenate may become a significant outlet for isopropyl alcohol.

show abstract

Propylene-Sulfuric Acid Reaction

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Fouling resistant sericin‐coated polymeric microfiltration membrane

Fouling resistant sericin‐coated polymeric microfiltration membrane

Potential carcinogenic and mutagenic industrial chemicals. I. Alkylating agents

Isopropyl Alcohol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About