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citations
Cited by 730 publications
(662 citation statements)
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References 591 publications
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“…•− is very pH-sensitive and decreases exponentially from its pK a (4.8) to pH 11 owing to increased charge repulsion between substrate molecules (39). Efforts to circumvent this at pH 8 by reducing [KO 2 ] to as low as 0.1 mM failed, because we could not freeze-trap any EPR-detectable radical.…”
Section: Reaction Of Peg-hccs With Omentioning
confidence: 97%
“…•− is very pH-sensitive and decreases exponentially from its pK a (4.8) to pH 11 owing to increased charge repulsion between substrate molecules (39). Efforts to circumvent this at pH 8 by reducing [KO 2 ] to as low as 0.1 mM failed, because we could not freeze-trap any EPR-detectable radical.…”
Section: Reaction Of Peg-hccs With Omentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Although superoxide anion has a relatively long half‐life, it has a limited oxidizing ability as it does not react directly with polypeptides, sugars or nucleic acids but can interact with other molecules to generate secondary RONS either directly or through enzyme or metal‐catalysed processes 65. In aqueous solutions, dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) can occur spontaneously or catalysed by superoxide dismutases (SODs)90 with a rate constant ( k  = 2 × 10 9  M −1  s −1 ),70 a reaction considered to be very slow as superoxide radicals electrostatically repel each other 91…”
Section: Chemistry Of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Produced Bmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SODs are highly conserved metalloenzymes that use a Cu, Mn, Fe, or Ni cofactor to catalyze the conversion of superoxide anion to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide (27). Through this redox chemistry, SODs play important roles in antioxidant protection and in cell signaling processes involving reactive oxygen species (28)(29)(30).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%