Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment: a review of recent research data

Heberer, Thomas

doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00041-3

Cited by 2,531 publications

(1,256 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…PPs have been massively used and are considered emergent contaminants because they have been introduced in soils and waters through (i) human excretions in sewage collectors (especially from hospital effluents (Heberer, 2002)), (ii) disposal of unwanted, unused or expired products in the toilet or sink, and (iii) land application of animal manure (O'Connor and Aga, 2007) and treated sewage sludge (Kinney et al, 2006). PPs have been detected (at ng L − 1 and μg L − 1 levels) in a wide variety of water samples, such as effluents (from medical care units, landfills, and municipal sewage), seawater, drinking water, and surface-and groundwater, (Benotti et al, 2009;Fatta-Kassinos et al, 2011); but also in soils and sediments in concentrations ranging from μg kg − 1 to mg kg − 1 (Braganca et al, 2012;Li et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of green zero-valent iron nanoparticles to the remediation of soils contaminated with ibuprofen

Machado

Stawiński

Slonina

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

167

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Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVIs) are often used in environmental remediation. Their high surface area that is associated with their high reactivity makes them an excellent agent capable of transforming/degrading contaminants in soils and waters. Due to the recent development of green methods for the production of nZVIs, the use of this material became even more attractive. However, the knowledge of its capacity to de-grade distinct types of contaminants is still scarce. The present work describes the study of the application of green nZVIs to the remediation of soils contami-nated with a common antiinflammatory drug, ibuprofen. The main objectives of this work were to produce nZVIs using extracts of grape marc, black tea and vine leaves, to verify the degradation of ibuprofen in aque-ous solutions by the nZVIs, to study the remediation process of a sandy soil contaminated with ibuprofen using the nZVIs, and to compare the experiments with other common chemical oxidants. The produced nZVIs had nanometric sizes and were able to degrade ibuprofen (54 to 66% of the initial amount) in aqueous solutions. Similar remediation efficiencies were obtained in sandy soils. In this case the remediation could be enhanced (achieving degradation efficiencies above 95%) through the complemen-tation of the process with a catalyzed nZVI Fenton-like reaction. These results indicate that this remediation technology represents a good alternative to traditional and more aggressive technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of green zero-valent iron nanoparticles to the remediation of soils contaminated with ibuprofen

Machado

Stawiński

Slonina

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

167

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“…Over the last 10 years, the occurrence of PPCPs and natural estrogens in wastewater and surface water has been widely reported and extensively reviewed (e.g., Halling-Sorensen et al 1998;Daughton and Ternes 1999;Heberer 2002;Jones et al 2005;Alder et al 2006;Lishman et al 2006;Khetan and Collins 2007). Most of the studies showing the ubiquitous occurrence of PPCPs in the environment have been conducted in Western Europe and in North America, but very little is known about the situation in Eastern Europe.…”

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confidence: 99%

Environmental exposure of pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances in the Somes River before and after upgrading the municipal wastewater treatment plant Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Moldovan

Chira²,

Alder

2008

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Background, aim, and scope Pharmaceutically active substances are a class of emerging contaminants, which has led to increasing concern about potential environmental risks. After excretion, substantial amounts of unchanged pharmaceuticals and their metabolites are discharged into domestic wastewaters. The absence of data on the environmental exposure in Eastern Europe is significant, since use patterns and volumes differ from country to country. In Romania, the majority of wastewater, from highly populated cities and industrial complex zones, is still discharged into surface waters without proper treatment or after inefficient treatment. In respect to this, it is important to determine the environmental occurrence and behavior of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewaters and surface waters. The objective of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of selected PPCPs during the transport in the Somes River by mass flow analysis before and after upgrading a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Cluj-Napoca, which serves 350,000 inhabitants and is the largest plant discharging into the Somes River. The concentrations of PPCPs at Cluj-Napoca can be correlated with the high population and a high number of hospitals located in the catchment area leading to higher mass flows. The results of this study are expected to provide information, with respect to the Romanian conditions, for environmental scientists, WWTP operators, and legal authorities. The data should support the improvement of existing WWTPs and implementation of new ones where necessary and, therefore, minimize the input of contaminants into ambient waters. Materials and methods The PPCPs were selected on the basis of consumption at the regional scale, reported aquatic toxicity, and the suitability of the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of the compounds at trace levels. The studied PPCPs, caffeine (stimulant), carbamazepine (antiepileptic), pentoxifylline (anticoagulant), cyclophosphamide (cytostatic), ibuprofen (analgesic), and galaxolide (musk fragrance), were determined in samples of the Somes River. The analytes were enriched by solid-phase extraction and subsequently determined by GC/MS. Caffeine, pentoxifylline, and galaxolide were determined underivatized, whereas the acidic pharmaceuticals carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, and ibuprofen were determined after derivatization with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide. Results and discussion The concentrations in the Somes River varied from below 10 ng/L up to 10 μg/L. A substantial decrease of the exposure in the Somes River could be observed due to the upgrade of the municipal WWTP in Cluj-Napoca. The loads in the river stretch between Cluj-Napoca and Dej (Somes Mic) varied strongly:Environ Sci Pollut Res (2009) 16 (Suppl 1):S46-S54

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“…Compound 2, suggested to be formed via an initial 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of ozone at the C11a-C12 double-bond of 1, and Compound 3, proposed to be produced via a subsequent ozone attack at the C2-C3 double-bond of 2, were detected in their protonated forms in the ESI(ϩ)-MS, i.e., [ American Society for Mass Spectrometry P harmaceuticals are now recognized as a new class of pollutants and have been the subject of growing concern and scientific interest [1]. Urban wastewaters and effluents from sewage treatment plants (STP) are continuously contaminated by inappropriate disposal of several drugs [2], which results in their introduction to a wide range of environmental matrixes, including surface, ground, and drinking water, as well as soils [3,4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the degradation of tetracycline by ozone in aqueous medium via atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry

Dalmázio

Almeida

Augusti

et al. 2007

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

159

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The degradation of tetracycline (1) by ozone in aqueous solution was investigated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and total organic carbon (TOC) analyses revealed that although tetracycline was quickly consumed under this oxidative condition, it did not mineralize at all. Continuous monitoring by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode, ESI(ϩ)-MS, revealed that tetracycline (1), detected in its protonated form ([1 ϩ H] ϩ ) of m/z 445, reacted to yield almost exclusively two unprecedented oxidation products (2 and 3) via a net insertion of one and two oxygen atoms, respectively. Compound 2, suggested to be formed via an initial 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of ozone at the C11a-C12 double-bond of 1, and Compound 3, proposed to be produced via a subsequent ozone attack at the C2-C3 double-bond of 2, were detected in their protonated forms in the ESI(ϩ)-MS, i.e.,

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Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment: a review of recent research data

Cited by 2,531 publications

References 55 publications

Application of green zero-valent iron nanoparticles to the remediation of soils contaminated with ibuprofen

Application of green zero-valent iron nanoparticles to the remediation of soils contaminated with ibuprofen

Environmental exposure of pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances in the Somes River before and after upgrading the municipal wastewater treatment plant Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Monitoring the degradation of tetracycline by ozone in aqueous medium via atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry

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