Silver nitrate and 2-isopentyladenine promote somatic embryogenesis in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Involvement of Plant Hormones and Plant Growth Regulators on in vitro Somatic Embryogenesis

“…Supporting this statement, it has been reported that application of inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis increased induction rate of SE, as observed in maize, white spruce and soybean with aminoethoxyvinyl-glycine (Vain et al 1989;Kong and Yeung 1994;Santos et al 1997), and in carrot with cobalt, nickel and salicylic acid (Roustan et al 1989(Roustan et al , 1990a. A similar effect was observed using inhibitors of ethylene action, such as silver nitrate in carrot, soybean and date palm (Roustan et al 1990b;Santos et al 1997;Al-Khayri and Al-Bahrany 2001) and by using silver nitrate and silver thiosulfate in maize (Vain et al 1989). Several works reported an influence of the genotype in the response to inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis and action (Litz and Yurgalevitch 1997;El Meskaoui and Tremblay 2001;Huang et al 2001; Al-Khayri and Al-Bahrany 2004).…”

In vitro propagation of the endangered date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Ghazal: 2- Improvement of germination and development of embryos by silver nitrate and silver thiosulfate

“…Kumar et al, 2009 indicated that silver ions were reducing the ability of receptors to bind ethylene with this observations water solubility and the absence of plant toxicity in an effective concentration led to its application in plant tissues. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) also induce growth, improved callus proliferation, embryogenic callus initiation and enhanced somatic embryogenesis (Adkins et al,1993; Al-Khayri and AL- Bahrany, 2001 and2004). Moreover, Silver nitrate was efficient plant regeneration from leaf of rapeseed (Brassica napus) (Akasaka et al, 2005).…”

Micropropagation of Date Palm: A Review

“…Other factors such as biotin and thiamine [26], coconut water [12], yeast extract and casein hydrolysate [19], basal formulation of the culture medium [24], silver nitrate [27], carbon source [20,23] and Pacloburtazol [20] were reported to influence somatic embryogenesis in date palm.…”

“…In order to control tissue browning, activated charcoal or PVP have been incorporated into the culture medium by many researchers [e.g., [21][22][23]53]. In addition, many other authors have used ascorbic acid and/or citric acid in the disinfecting solution in order to prevent browning [e.g., 19,20,23,27]. Abohatem et al studied the effect of BAP and the rate of subcultures on tissue browning of date palm cvs.…”