Minimizing RO energy consumption under variable conditions of operation

Manth, T.; Gábor, M.; Oklejas, Eli

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00377-1

Cited by 93 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…The specific energy consumptions obtained in this work are in the range of typical values found in the literature [11,13] and they did not exhibit any significant changes during the time period studied.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The recovery and permeate rate are two important variables that determine the hydraulic envelope of the RO system, defined as the area bounded by all the extreme operating conditions that are allowed for a specific plant. Manth et al [11] reported that the specific energy consumption decreases when the plant operates with hydraulic components like the feed water conditions more favorable (higher temperature and/or lower salinity) or vice-versa. Moreover, those authors also referred that the SEC is affected when the pressure have to be adjusted in order to achieve a certain recovery factor or to improve the operating conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance study of an industrial RO plant for seawater desalination

Pais

Ferreira

2007

Desalination

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In this work, an approach to study the long-term performance of an industrial water desalination plant is described. Operational data corresponding to the time period of 454 days were analysed and from the results obtained it was found that the normalized water permeability coefficient declined by about 7%. Due mainly to the temperature effects, the salt permeability coefficient exhibit significant changes only during the summer period. The equations used allowed a good description of the performance of the plant.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance study of an industrial RO plant for seawater desalination

Pais

Ferreira

2007

Desalination

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“…Also, specific factors such as energy costs and site development and waste factors can account for the deviations from the wind-powered numbers. The specific energy consumption is on par with the references 27,30,36,38,39 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Integrated Wind Energy/Desalination System: October 11, 2004 -- July 29, 2005

Research¹

2006

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“…Pelton impulse turbines (PIT) and hydraulic turbochargers (HTC) are the most widely used devices for energy conservation in desalination plants (Manth et al 2003). Reverse running pumps may be found in older facilities, but these pumps are least effective for energy conservation.…”

Section: Methods Of Energy Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Needs, Consumption and Sources

Younos

Tulou

2009

Journal of Contemporary Water Research &Amp; Education

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E nergy is needed in various stages of desalination. Energy consumption directly affects the cost-effectiveness and feasibility of using desalination technologies for drinking water production. This chapter presents energy types, use, methods of conservation, and the potential use of renewable energy resources for desalination. Some of the information provided in this chapter may not be applicable to today's desalination energy issues. However, the information provides a comparison between costs associated with various energy sources as applied to desalination worldwide, and can be used as a reference for future energy development and use for desalination. Energy Needs and ConsumptionEnergy is needed in various stages of desalination. Desalination technologies use pumps in various stages of desalination, i.e., feedwater intake, treatment process, and discharge of product water and concentrate. Pumps consume a significant amount of energy. RO plants use pumps to pressurize feedwater passing through the membranes. Ion exchange plants use pumps to pass the feedwater over the resin, and use backwash pumps to clean and recharge resin beads. In electrodialysis, pumps pressurize feedwater to generate flow across the surface of the membranes. The amount of energy pumps consume depends on the type of process, the TDS concentration in the feedwater, the capacity of the treatment plant, the temperature of the feedwater, and the location of the plant with respect to the location of the intake water and concentrate disposal site.Each desalination technology is unique in design and mode of operation and it is rather difficult to compare energy consumption for different types of desalination technologies. Table 1 is a generalization of typical energy consumption for various technologies.The energy consumption for reverse osmosis plants depends on the salinity of the feedwater and the recovery rate. Seawater reverse osmosis plants require higher amounts of energy due to the higher osmotic pressure of seawater compared to brackish water reverse osmosis plants. The osmotic pressure is related to the TDS concentration of the feedwater. Electrodialysis plants use electric energy to desalt the water. For electrodialysis, the energy required is directly related to the TDS concentration in the water. Electrodialysis is economical only for brackish waters (TDS < 4000 mg/L). Energy Conservation and RecoveryA system's ability to conserve or recover energy is critical for implementing an economical desalination technology. The section below describes various energy conservation and recovery techniques. Methods of Energy ConservationPelton impulse turbines (PIT) and hydraulic turbochargers (HTC) are the most widely used devices for energy conservation in desalination plants (Manth et al. 2003). Reverse running pumps may be found in older facilities, but these pumps are least effective for energy conservation. Figure 1 shows the integration of a PIT with a reverse osmosis plant. Normally, the motor uses electric energy to drive the feed pum...

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Minimizing RO energy consumption under variable conditions of operation

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Performance study of an industrial RO plant for seawater desalination

Performance study of an industrial RO plant for seawater desalination

Integrated Wind Energy/Desalination System: October 11, 2004 -- July 29, 2005

Energy Needs, Consumption and Sources

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