2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.060
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Abstract: Enhanced fouling resistance has been observed in recent variants of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination which use time-varying batch or semi-batch processes, such as closed-circuit RO (CCRO) and pulse flow RO (PFRO). However, the mechanisms of batch processes' fouling resistance are not well-understood, and models have not been developed for prediction of their fouling performance. Here, a framework for predicting reverse osmosis fouling is developed by comparing the fluid residence time in batch and continuous … Show more

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Cited by 73 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…In addition to any energetic improvements, batch operation of RO may also have the potential to resist scaling better than continuous RO because the total residence time of saline water is small relative to the nucleation induction time of many common scalants [17]. Furthermore, a slight osmotic backwash is expected to occur between cycles, when the osmotic pressure in the feed channels exceeds the hydraulic pressure.…”
Section: Qiu and Daviesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to any energetic improvements, batch operation of RO may also have the potential to resist scaling better than continuous RO because the total residence time of saline water is small relative to the nucleation induction time of many common scalants [17]. Furthermore, a slight osmotic backwash is expected to occur between cycles, when the osmotic pressure in the feed channels exceeds the hydraulic pressure.…”
Section: Qiu and Daviesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to affecting the thermophysical properties of the feed and therefore the channel heat transfer coefficients, the composition also dictates whether some salts get supersaturated and form a scale on the membrane surface. While a large tank has been considered in this study to simplify the calculations neglecting initial and final transients, the overall residence time of high salinity water in the system increases with an increase in tank size [23]. Hence, from a practical fouling prevention standpoint, a smaller feed tank may be preferred if the feed composition has a high fouling tendency.…”
Section: Additional Effects Of High Salinitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Operating at high pressures, although offering a high theoretical energy efficiency [14], also requires more expensive pumps, pressure vessels, and pipes, increasing system capital costs. Some of these challenges are being addressed by new variations on standard RO technology, such as multi-stage RO, closed circuit RO, and batch RO [15,16,17,18,19], but some of these challenges, such as a recovery ratio limited by membrane properties and feed conditions, remain.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%