Homocysteine: cardiovascular risk factor in children and adolescents?

Leal, Adriana Amorim de Farias; Palmeira, Ástrid Camêlo; Castro, Gabriella Menezes Almeida De; Simões, Mônica Oliveira da Silva; Ramos, Alessandra Teixeira; Medeiros, Carla Campos Muniz

doi:10.1016/j.ramb.2013.05.004

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, with regards to Hcy and cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents, some interesting conclusions emerged from the systematic review of Leal et al [101], conducted on studies published between 1997 and 2011 on this topic. The authors underlined these fundamental conclusions: (a) HHcy is positively correlated with MTHFR 677T and heterozygous MTHFR 677T/1298C, with cardiovascular disease, and with low levels of folate and B12; (b) Hcy levels increase with age, being higher in adolescents than in children, and are higher in males than in females; (c) a possible association exisits between high Hcy levels in children and adolescents and a positive parental history for cardiovascular diseases; (d) there is a positive correlation between high Hcy and overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, with an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).…”

Section: Hhcy and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation between HHcy levels and increased risk of CVD in children and adolescents is not yet well clarified. In their review, Leal et al [101] found many studies concluding a positive parental history of CVD and HHcy in children and adolescents and studies showing HHcy levels in overweight or obese subjects [102]. The authors [101] suggested the need to investigate HHcy in conjunction with other parameters such as insulin levels (which have an inverse relationship with Hcy) and renal function to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism by which HHcy can increase the risk of CVD.…”

Section: Hhcy and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Azzini

Ruggeri

Polito

2020

IJMS

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Increased plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for several pathological disorders. The present review focused on the role of homocysteine (Hcy) in different population groups, especially in risk conditions (pregnancy, infancy, old age), and on its relevance as a marker or etiological factor of the diseases in these age groups, focusing on the nutritional treatment of elevated Hcy levels. In pregnancy, Hcy levels were investigated in relation to the increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as small size for gestational age at birth, preeclampsia, recurrent abortions, low birth weight, or intrauterine growth restriction. In pediatric populations, Hcy levels are important not only for cardiovascular disease, obesity, and renal disease, but the most interesting evidence concerns study of elevated levels of Hcy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Finally, a focus on the principal pathologies of the elderly (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease, osteoporosis and physical function) is presented. The metabolism of Hcy is influenced by B vitamins, and Hcy-lowering vitamin treatments have been proposed. However, clinical trials have not reached a consensus about the effectiveness of vitamin supplementation on the reduction of Hcy levels and improvement of pathological condition, especially in elderly patients with overt pathologies, suggesting that other dietary and non-dietary factors are involved in high Hcy levels. The importance of novel experimental designs focusing on intra-individual variability as a complement to the typical case–control experimental designs and the study of interactions between different factors it should be emphasized.

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Section: Hhcy and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hhcy and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Azzini

Ruggeri

Polito

2020

IJMS

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“…Homocysteine is a modifiable factor [ 14 ] and it is controlled by folate level [ 29 ]. However, folate is involved in homocysteine metabolism and the potential role in lowering homocysteine is still much debated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Folate level is a well known modifying factor that affects circulating homocysteine level [ 6 ]. However, the association between adiposity and homocysteine in children is debated [ 12 13 14 ]. Therefore the present study was undertaken to prospectively study the impact of adiposity including characteristics at birth and postnatal growth on homocysteine levels in children at three years of age in an ongoing birth cohort in South Korea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effect of folate and adiposity on homocysteine in children at three years of age

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESCardiovascular diseases is a major cause of death and is responsible for 23.8% of deaths in Korea. Clinical symptoms manifest in adulthood, but susceptibility begins in utero. Elevated homocysteine levels and adiposity might be linked to a greater risk in children as well as adults. We hypothesized that those who have simultaneous risk for folate and adiposity would be affected with elevated homocysteine levels at 3 years of age.SUBJECTS/METHODSFrom the ongoing birth cohort at Ewha Womans University Mok-Dong Hospital, we compared adiposity parameters, serum homocysteine, and folate levels in 238 children (118 boys and 120 girls) at three years of age. The relationship between birth outcome, current weight and body mass index (BMI), postnatal growth, and homocysteine level were assessed using correlation and general linear model. Additionally, we assessed the combined effect between blood folate status and adiposity on current homocysteine levels.RESULTS Birth characteristics were not correlated with homocysteine. Current weight, BMI, upper-arm circumference, skinfold thickness, waist circumference, and hip circumference were positively correlated with homocysteine at three years of age (P < 0.05). Folate level was negatively correlated with homocysteine at three years of age (P < 0.0001). A relative high anthropometric measure which is compatible with adiposity and low folate level was associated with high homocysteine levels.CONCLUSIONWe found a combined effect of adiposity and folate levels with homocysteine levels at three years of age. This implicates the beneficial role of folate supplementation in the high-risk population at an early age.

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“…HCYS accumulation in the plasma can be correlated with cardiovascular disease 36,37 caused by endothelial dysfunc- tion, low density lipoprotein oxidation and monocyte adhesion. 33 All these physiological and biochemical dysfunctions cause peripheral artery disease, 38 myocardial infarction and coronary atherosclerotic disease.…”

Section: H-hcys and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Homocysteine Level in the Critically Ill Patient. A Review

Bedreag

Rogobete

Săndesc

et al. 2016

Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine

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Increased levels of homocysteine (HCYS) represent a risk factor for a series of physiopathological conditions: mental retardation, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, depression, osteoporosis, endothelial dysfunction and inhibition of cell proliferation. This paper aims to present the pathophysiological implications of HCYS and the correlation of hyperhomocysteinemia (H-HCYS) with critical condition in the intensive care unit (ICU). Hypovitaminosis B and folate deficiency is directly involved in the inhibition of HCYS metabolism and the accumulation of HCYS in the plasma and tissues. Critically ill patients are more prone to H-HCYS due to hypermetabolism and accelerated synthesis produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In conclusion it can be affirmed that the determination and monitoring of HCYS plasma levels may be of interest in optimizing the therapy for critically ill patients. Moreover, by controlling HCYS levels, and implicitly the essential cofactors that intervene in the specific biochemical pathways, such as vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and folic acid can provide a diversified and personalized treatment for each patient.

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Homocysteine: cardiovascular risk factor in children and adolescents?

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Combined effect of folate and adiposity on homocysteine in children at three years of age

The Effects of Homocysteine Level in the Critically Ill Patient. A Review

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