2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.01.004
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Abstract: Conventional water resources in many regions are insufficient to meet the water needs of growing populations, thus reuse is gaining acceptance as a method of water supply augmentation. Recent advancements in membrane technology have allowed for the reclamation of municipal wastewater for the production of drinking water, i.e., potable reuse. Although public perception can be a challenge, potable reuse is often the least energy-intensive method of providing additional drinking water to water stressed regions. A… Show more

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Cited by 495 publications
(250 citation statements)
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“…The principle and some common approaches that can be used to control these properties are discussed as follows. In and , the mechanical performance requirements for handling (dry strength) and operating under high pressure in an aqueous environment (wet‐strength) of conventional membranes have been well documented5–11 and will not be discussed here. However, these performance matrices will serve as benchmarks for us to develop suitable nanocellulose‐enabled membranes for various water purification applications.…”
Section: Tailoring the Relevant Nanocellulose Membrane Properties Formentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The principle and some common approaches that can be used to control these properties are discussed as follows. In and , the mechanical performance requirements for handling (dry strength) and operating under high pressure in an aqueous environment (wet‐strength) of conventional membranes have been well documented5–11 and will not be discussed here. However, these performance matrices will serve as benchmarks for us to develop suitable nanocellulose‐enabled membranes for various water purification applications.…”
Section: Tailoring the Relevant Nanocellulose Membrane Properties Formentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pressure‐driven membrane filtration technologies, from microfiltration (MF) for separating large particles from water to reverse osmosis (RO) for separating salt ions from water, remain one of the most energy‐efficient pathways for water purification 5. The principle of these separations is straightforward.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bio-fouling of membranes can never be prevented and poses a significant problem in the RO process [6,20,40,41]. Conventional cleaning agents, which contain chlorine, not only remove bio-fouling agents, but also attack currently used polymer membranes, limiting their useful lifetime.…”
Section: Cleaning Of Bio-fouled All-carbon Membranementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, membrane technology could be considered as one of the most powerful tools for water desalination due to its high stability, efficiency, low cost, easy operation and low energy consuming . Various types of separation membrane such as reverse osmosis membrane (RO), nanofiltration membrane, ultrafiltration membrane, microfiltration membrane and forward osmosis membrane (FO) have been developed, which among these, forward osmosis (FO) as a novel membrane technology (using natural osmotic pressure as a driving force) has many advantages including, low cost, easy cleaning, low fouling tendency and so on. It is noteworthy that high fouling tendency, low hydrophilicity and poor performance of FO membranes limited their industrial applications .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%