2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112349
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Chemical identification of 18-hydroxycarlactonoic acid as an LjMAX1 product and in planta conversion of its methyl ester to canonical and non-canonical strigolactones in Lotus japonicus

Abstract: Strigolactones (SLs) are a group of plant apocarotenoids that act as rhizosphere signaling molecules for both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root parasitic plants. They also regulate plant architecture as phytohormones. The model legume Lotus japonicus produces canonical 5deoxystrigol (5DS) and non-canonical lotuslactone (LL). The biosynthesis pathways of the two SLs remain elusive. In this study, we characterized the L. japonicus MAX1 homolog, LjMAX1, found in the Lotus japonicus genome assembly build 2.5. … Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…46) Recently, another clade of cytochrome P450 CYP722C functioning downstream of MAX1 was shown to directly convert CLA to orobanchol, presumably via 18-HO-CLA, although formation of the B/C ring structure with the recombinant enzyme was not stereoselective. 47) In birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus japonicus), 18-HO-CLA has been detected as an endogenous compound 48) and also in other plant species (K. Yoneyama, unpublished data). These results clearly indicate that the biosynthesis from β-carotene to CLA is a common pathway for SLs but further steps after formation of CLA may differ with each plant species and thus with each SL.…”
Section: Biosynthetic Pathway Of Slsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…46) Recently, another clade of cytochrome P450 CYP722C functioning downstream of MAX1 was shown to directly convert CLA to orobanchol, presumably via 18-HO-CLA, although formation of the B/C ring structure with the recombinant enzyme was not stereoselective. 47) In birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus japonicus), 18-HO-CLA has been detected as an endogenous compound 48) and also in other plant species (K. Yoneyama, unpublished data). These results clearly indicate that the biosynthesis from β-carotene to CLA is a common pathway for SLs but further steps after formation of CLA may differ with each plant species and thus with each SL.…”
Section: Biosynthetic Pathway Of Slsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Canonical SLs are further divided intostrigol‐ and orobanchol‐type, according to the stereochemistry of asymmetric carbon atoms at C3a and C8b: C3a R and C8b S configuration in strigol‐type SLs, including 5‐deoxystrigol (5DS, 18 ) and its derivatives, such as strigol ( 19 ), strigyl acetate ( 20 ), strigone ( 21 ), sorgolactone ( 22 ), sorgomol ( 23 ), ent ‐2′‐ epi ‐orobanchol ( 24 ) and ent ‐2′‐ epi ‐orobanchol acetate ( 25 ), and C3a S and C8b R configuration in orobanchol‐type SLs such as 4‐deoxyorobanchol (4DO, 26 ) and 4DO derivatives, including orobanchol ( 27 ), 7‐hydroxyorobanchol ( 28 ), orobanchyl acetate ( 29 ), 7‐OXO‐orobanchol ( 30 ), 7‐hydroxyorobanchyl acetate ( 31 ), 7‐OXO‐orobanchyl acetate ( 32 ), fabacol ( 33 ), fabacyl acetate ( 34 ), solanacol ( 35 ) and solanacyl acetate ( 36 ) (Yokota et al ., 1998; Xie et al ., 2008; Ueno et al ., 2011; Kohlen et al ., 2012; Kisugi et al ., 2013; Kohlen et al ., 2013; Xie et al ., 2013; Xie, 2016). Non‐canonical SLs with a β‐ionone ring (A ring), including carlactone (CL, 5 ), carlactonic acid (CLA, 6 ), hydroxyl CLs (i.e., 3‐OH‐CL [ 14 ] and 4‐OH‐CL [ 10 ]), hydroxyl CLA (i.e., 18‐OH‐CLA [ 11 ]), methyl carlactonoate (MeCLA, 7 ) and its derivatives (i.e., 18‐OH‐MeCLA [ 12 ], 1″‐OH‐MeCLA [ 8 ], and heliolactone [ 9 ]) have been identified in plants (Baz et al ., 2018; Iseki et al ., 2018; Mori et al ., 2020). In addition, plants produce several non‐canonical SLs with higher structural complexity, for example, Avenaol ( 17 ), Lotuslactone ( 13 ), Zealactone ( 15 ) and Zeapyranolactone ( 16 ) (Charnikhova et al ., 2017, 2018).…”
Section: Sl Functions and Biosynthesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MeCLA ( 7 ) is also the precursor of heliolactone ( 9 ), a non‐canonical SL formed in sunflower (Iseki et al ., 2018). It was shown that Lotus japonicus MAX1 ( Lj MAX1/CYP711A9) expressed in yeast microsomes can convert CL ( 5 ) into 18‐OH‐CLA ( 11 ) via the intermediate CLA ( 6 ) (Mori et al ., 2020). Moreover, feeding experiments indicated that 18‐OH‐MeCLA ( 12 ) is transformed to the canonical SL 5DS ( 18 ), directly or via 18‐OH‐CLA ( 11 ) as an intermediate, and to the non‐canonical SL lotuslactone ( 13 ) in L. japonicus (Zhang et al ., 2014; Yoneyama et al ., 2018).…”
Section: Sl Functions and Biosynthesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, GaCYP722C was shown to catalyze the reaction from CLA to 5‐deoxystrigol (5DS), a strigol‐type canonical SL, in cotton ( Gossypium arboreum ) (Wakabayashi et al ., 2020). Moreover, in Lotus japonicus , LjCYP722C was proposed to function in 5DS biosynthesis downstream of CYP711A9/LjMAX1, which produces 18‐hydroxy‐CLA via CLA (Mori et al ., 2020a; Mori et al ., 2020b). Future analysis of CYP722Cs from various plants will give us clues to understand the diversity of canonical SLs and their biological functions.…”
Section: Sl Biosynthesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In L. japonicus , it was recently shown that 18‐hydroxy‐MeCLA, which is likely produced from MeCLA or 18‐hydroxy‐CLA, was converted to lotuslactone (Mori et al ., 2020b). This finding supports the idea that MeCLA and its derivatives are probable precursors of non‐canonical SLs.…”
Section: Sl Biosynthesismentioning
confidence: 99%