Recent Advances in Electrical Neural Interface Engineering: Minimal Invasiveness, Longevity, and Scalability

Luan, Lan; Robinson, Jacob T.; Aazhang, Behnaam; Chi, Taiyun; Yang, Kaiyuan; Li, Xue; Rathore, Haad; Singer, Amanda; Yellapantula, Sudha; Fan, Yingying; Yu, Zhanghao; Xie, Chong

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.011

Cited by 88 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…In order to achieve “brain-wide” simultaneous recording, we restricted the number of electrodes per target area (usually 1 per area), and thus limit our potential to collect data from a brain site. These problems are exacerbated by the inherent difficulty to interpret field potentials as their contributions may come from multiple sources and be affected by volume conduction ( 34 , 35 , 41 ). One approach we could have taken (and one that others may use in the future) is to reduce the number of sites we target by half and use bipolar electrodes as a local reference for any electrode of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although spikes are easier to interpret, there is a general concern of sufficient spike sorting with high-density probes, a problem that is more apparent with commercially available probes exceeding hundreds of recording sites ( 41 , 73 , 84 , 86 ). With extremely high-density probes (such as Neuropixels), sorting occurs automatically, using data from all channels simultaneously ( 48 , 108 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our 32-64 channel stationary single unit probes use a separate microwire design to capture high quality spiking activity within the anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex in rats performing a behavioral inhibition task stably over many weeks. Microwires are arranged in sets of fixed cannula bundles with recording tips spread in a fan-like array to minimize damage upon insertion (40)(41)(42)(43)(44). Importantly, our probes are around 1/10 the cost of similar channel density probes from commercial vendors (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic, Multi-Site Recordings Supported by Two Low-Cost, Stationary Probe Designs Optimized to Capture Either Single Unit or Local Field Potential Activity in Behaving Rats

et al. 2021

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Rodent models of cognitive behavior have greatly contributed to our understanding of human neuropsychiatric disorders. However, to elucidate the neurobiological underpinnings of such disorders or impairments, animal models are more useful when paired with methods for measuring brain function in awake, behaving animals. Standard tools used for systems-neuroscience level investigations are not optimized for large-scale and high-throughput behavioral battery testing due to various factors including cost, time, poor longevity, and selective targeting limited to measuring only a few brain regions at a time. Here we describe two different “user-friendly” methods for building extracellular electrophysiological probes that can be used to measure either single units or local field potentials in rats performing cognitive tasks. Both probe designs leverage several readily available, yet affordable, commercial products to facilitate ease of production and offer maximum flexibility in terms of brain-target locations that can be scalable (32–64 channels) based on experimental needs. Our approach allows neural activity to be recorded simultaneously with behavior and compared between micro (single unit) and more macro (local field potentials) levels of brain activity in order to gain a better understanding of how local brain regions and their connected networks support cognitive functions in rats. We believe our novel probe designs make collecting electrophysiology data easier and will begin to fill the gap in knowledge between basic and clinical research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic, Multi-Site Recordings Supported by Two Low-Cost, Stationary Probe Designs Optimized to Capture Either Single Unit or Local Field Potential Activity in Behaving Rats

et al. 2021

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“…Polymer based approaches also offer the opportunity to influence cell and tissue development, specific examples include the repair of bone and muscle as well as regeneration of nerve tissue (Das et al, 2017; Ferrigno et al, 2020). The variety of nanotechnology availability, and the ability to modify a nanomaterial to overcome a specific challenge, makes nanotechnology a crucial tool for developing bioelectronic devices for novel applications, whether that be interfacing with individual biomolecules and cells or designing minimally invasive long‐term bioelectronic interfaces (Higgins et al, 2020; Luan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward nanobioelectronic medicine: Unlocking new applications using nanotechnology

Gibney

Hicks

Robinson

et al. 2021

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Bioelectronic medicine aims to interface electronic technology with biological components and design more effective therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Advances in nanotechnology have moved the field forward improving the seamless interaction between biological and electronic components. In the lab many of these nanobioelectronic devices have the potential to improve current treatment approaches, including those for cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and disease underpinned by malfunctions in neuronal electrical communication. While promising, many of these devices and technologies require further development before they can be successfully applied in a clinical setting. Here, we highlight recent work which is close to achieving this goal, including discussion of nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and nanowires for medical applications. We also look forward toward the next decade to determine how current developments in nanotechnology could shape the growing field of bioelectronic medicine. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing

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“…This is why the demand for new techniques that enable monitoring brain activity wirelessly through implantable devices is increasing every day (Schwartz et al, 2006 ; Mollazadeh et al, 2009 ; Cook et al, 2013 ). A complete review on neural recording is given in Hashemi Noshahr et al ( 2020 ) and Luan et al ( 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cutoff Frequency Reduction in Neural Amplifiers: Analysis and Implementation in CMOS 65 nm

2021

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Scaling down technology demotes the parameters of AC-coupled neural amplifiers, such as increasing the low-cutoff frequency due to the short-channel effects. To improve the low-cutoff frequency, one solution is to increase the feedback capacitors' value. This solution is not desirable, as the input capacitors have to be increased to maintain the same gain, which increases the area and decreases the input impedance of the neural amplifier. We analytically analyze the small-signal behavior of the neural amplifier and prove that the main reason for the increase of the low-cutoff frequency in advanced CMOS technologies is the reduction of the input resistance of the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). We also show that the reduction of the input resistance of the OTA is due to the increase in the gate oxide leakage in the input transistors. In this paper, we explore this fact and propose two solutions to reduce the low-cutoff frequency without increasing the value of the feedback capacitor. The first solution is performed by only simulation and is called cross-coupled positive feedback that uses pseudoresistors to provide a negative resistance to increase the input resistance of the OTA. As an advantage, only standard CMOS transistors are used in this method. Simulation results show that a low-cutoff frequency of 1.5 Hz is achieved while the midband gain is 30.4 dB at 1 V. In addition, the power consumption is 0.6 μW. In the second method, we utilize thick-oxide MOS transistors in the input differential pair of the OTA. We designed and fabricated the second method in the 65 nm TSMC CMOS process. Measured results are obtained by in vitro recordings on slices of mouse brainstem. The measurement results show that the bandwidth is between 2 Hz and 5.6 kHz. The neural amplifier has 34.3 dB voltage gain in midband and consumes 3.63 μW at 1 V power supply. The measurement results show an input-referred noise of 6.1 μVrms and occupy 0.04 mm2 silicon area.

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Recent Advances in Electrical Neural Interface Engineering: Minimal Invasiveness, Longevity, and Scalability

Cited by 88 publications

References 149 publications

Chronic, Multi-Site Recordings Supported by Two Low-Cost, Stationary Probe Designs Optimized to Capture Either Single Unit or Local Field Potential Activity in Behaving Rats

Chronic, Multi-Site Recordings Supported by Two Low-Cost, Stationary Probe Designs Optimized to Capture Either Single Unit or Local Field Potential Activity in Behaving Rats

Toward nanobioelectronic medicine: Unlocking new applications using nanotechnology

Low-Cutoff Frequency Reduction in Neural Amplifiers: Analysis and Implementation in CMOS 65 nm

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