Gypsum scaling propensity in semi-batch RO (SBRO) and steady-state RO with partial recycle (SSRO-PR)

Lee, Tae; Choi, Jin Yong; Cohen, Yoram

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2019.05.030

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, Lee et al [39] found that semi-batch RO was more prone to gypsum scaling because higher levels of supersaturation were reached during the permeate production phase. Future work must be done to investigate scaling in time-variant RO processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of salt retention on true batch reverse osmosis energy consumption: Experiments and model validation

Wei

Tucker

et al. 2020

Desalination

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In theory, the batch reverse osmosis (RO) process achieves the lowest practical energy consumption by varying pressure over time. However, few batch RO systems have been built and operated. We have designed, built, and operated the first "true" batch RO prototype using a flexible bladder. The flexible bladder serves as the high-pressure variable-volume tank that is inherent to true batch RO designs (as opposed to batch RO with energy recovery devices). We experimentally validated a model of batch RO energy consumption (≤ 2.7% difference) by measuring the hydraulic work of the high pressure and circulation pumps. We find that batch RO energy consumption will be greater than expected mostly due to salt retention, a problem neglected by most previous studies. However, despite operating at elevated salinity and flux conditions, batch RO can still save energy relative to single-stage and multi-stage continuous systems. For a seawater desalination plant (35 g/kg intake, 50% recovery, 15 L m −2 h −1), our newly-validated model predicts that batch RO would save 11% energy compared to a single-stage continuous RO plant. Our work demonstrates that batch RO is an energy-efficient process with the potential to reduce the cost of water desalination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of salt retention on true batch reverse osmosis energy consumption: Experiments and model validation

Wei

Tucker

et al. 2020

Desalination

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“…Furthermore, nucleation can be regarded as a stochastic process. 35,36,111,112 Thus, we present a sensitivity to the maximum allowable scaling tendency and its impact on the LCOW in Figure 8. We find that varying the maximum scaling tendency has a wide range of impacts on the LCOW across the cases.…”

Section: Lcow Sensitivity To Changes In Maximum Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Framework for Cost Optimization of Process-Scale Desalination Systems with Mineral Scaling and Precipitation

Amusat,

Atia,

Dudchenko

et al. 2024

ACS EST Eng.

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Cost-optimization models are powerful tools for evaluating emerging water treatment processes. However, to date, optimization models do not incorporate detailed chemical reaction phenomena, limiting the assessment of pretreatment and mineral scaling. Moreover, novel approaches for highsalinity and high-recovery desalination are typically proposed without direct quantification of pretreatment needs or mineral scaling. This work addresses a critical gap in the literature by presenting a modeling framework that includes complex water chemistry predictions with process-scale optimization. We use this approach to conduct a technoeconomic assessment on a conceptual highrecovery treatment train that includes chemical pretreatment (i.e., soda ash softening and recarbonation) and membrane-based desalination (i.e., standard and high-pressure reverse osmosis). We demonstrate how to develop and integrate accurate multidimensional surrogate models for predicting precipitation, pH, and mineral scaling tendencies. Our findings show that cost-optimal results balance the costs of pretreatment with reverse osmosis system design. Optimizing across a range of water recoveries (i.e., 50−90%) reveals multiple costoptimal schemas that vary the chemical dosing in pretreatment and the design and operation of reverse osmosis. Our results reveal that pretreatment costs can be more than double the cost of the primary desalination process at high recoveries due to the extensive pretreatment required to control scaling. This work emphasizes the importance of and provides a framework for including chemistry and mineral scaling predictions in the evaluation of emerging technologies in high-recovery desalination.

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“…As a result, the energy efficiency of CCD systems is largely affected by the purging (i.e., flushing) efficacy ( Lee, Rahardianto, & Cohen, 2019 ). Additionally, excessive concentrate recirculation for high-recovery CCD operation may promote the formation of mineral scaling or biofouling due to the high concentration factor in the feed stream ( Lee, Choi, & Cohen, 2019 ). Therefore, refreshing the feed channel and freeing the membrane surface from residual solutes at the end of each CCD cycle remains a key challenge.…”

Section: Further Concentration Of Membrane Concentratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing and treating per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in membrane concentrates

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are present in many waters, have detrimental impacts on human health and the environment. Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) have shown excellent PFAS separation performance in water treatment; however, these membrane systems do not destroy PFAS but produce concentrated residual streams that need to be managed. Complete destruction of PFAS in RO and NF concentrate streams is ideal, but long-term sequestration strategies are also employed. Because no single technology is adequate for all situations, a range of processes are reviewed here that hold promise as components of treatment schemes for PFAS-laden membrane system concentrates. Attention is also given to relevant

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Gypsum scaling propensity in semi-batch RO (SBRO) and steady-state RO with partial recycle (SSRO-PR)

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Impact of salt retention on true batch reverse osmosis energy consumption: Experiments and model validation

Impact of salt retention on true batch reverse osmosis energy consumption: Experiments and model validation

Modeling Framework for Cost Optimization of Process-Scale Desalination Systems with Mineral Scaling and Precipitation

Managing and treating per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in membrane concentrates

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