Forces Transmitted Along Human Flexor Tendons During Passive and Active Movements of the Fingers

Powell, E.; Trail, IA

doi:10.1016/j.jhsb.2004.02.004

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…However, tendon forces of this current study are relatively similar or lower than those reported in previous in vivo studies (Dennerlein et al, 1999;Kursa et al, 2006;Powell and Trail, 2004;Schuind et al, 1992). This discrepancy could be explained because this study was performed in a cadaveric model.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Flexor tendon excursion and load during passive and active simulated motion: a cadaver study

Sapienza

Yoon

Karia

et al. 2012

J Hand Surg Eur Vol

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The aim of this study was to quantify the amount of tendon excursion and load experienced during simulated active and passive rehabilitation exercises. Six cadaver specimens were utilized to examine tendon excursion and load. Lateral fluoroscopic images were used to measure the excursions of metal markers placed in the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus tendons of the index, middle, and ring fingers. Measurements were performed during ten different passive and active simulated motions. Mean tendon forces were higher in all active versus passive movements. Blocking movements placed the highest loads on the flexor tendons. Active motion resulted in higher tendon excursion than did passive motion. Simulated hook position resulted in the highest total tendon excursion and the highest inter-tendinous excursion. This knowledge may help optimize the management of the post-operative exercise therapy regimen.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Flexor tendon excursion and load during passive and active simulated motion: a cadaver study

Sapienza

Yoon

Karia

et al. 2012

J Hand Surg Eur Vol

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show abstract

“…These levels were set to mimic physiological loading. Forces transmitted through flexor tendons during active, unloaded movement have been measured in vivo to range from 1 to 34 N. 22,23 This was followed by loading each loop to failure. Only 1 repair of each loop could be tested to failure.…”

Section: Biomechanical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of 1- and 2-Knot, 4-Strand, Double-Modified Kessler Tendon Repairs in a Porcine Model

Rees

Matthews²,

Masouros³

et al. 2009

The Journal of Hand Surgery

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“… 18 If it is considered that stress that occurs due to active tendon movement is around 0.2–50 N, it can be thought that multi-strand suture is rather safe in terms of rupture. 19 It is compatible with the early active motion protocols. In our study, 4-strand core suture was used because we didn't perform early active motion protocols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Results of 4-strand modified Kessler core suture and epitendinous interlocking suture followed by modified Kleinert protocol for flexor tendon repairs in Zone 2

Kayalar¹,

Kaplan²,

Uludağ

et al. 2018

Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica

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ObjectiveThere has been no consensus in literature for the ideal flexor tendon repair technique. The results of zone 2 flexor tendon lacerations repaired primarily by 4 strand Modified Kessler core suture and epitendinous interlocking suture technique followed by Modified Kleinert protocol were investigated.Methods128 fingers of 89 patients who had flexor tendon laceration in zone 2 built the working group. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Strickland formula. A statistical analysis was made between Strickland scores and some parameters such as age, gender, follow-up time, co-existing injury existence, repair time, single or multiple finger injury, tendon rupture and the effect of FDS injury and repair.ResultsExcellent, good, fair, poor results were obtained from 71 (55.5%), 46 (35.9%), 8 (6.3%), 3 (2.3%) fingers, respectively. Time of the repair has a significant effect on the strickland scores. Surgery performed within the first 24 hours following the injury gave better results. 3 fingers (2.3%) had tendon ruptures. Existence of ruptures affected the results significantly. Co-existing injuries were found that they did not have any effect on the results. In the fingers in which both FDP and FDS tendons were lacerated, no significant relationship was found between only FDP repair, both FDP and FDS repair and single FDS slip repair. Additionally no significant relationships between follow-up time, gender, single or multiple finger injury and Strickland scores were observed. 13 fingers (10.1%) had PIP joint contracture above 20°.ConclusionThe low rupture rate (2.3%) and 91.4% ‘good’ and ‘excellent’ scoring rates in our series support the idea that modified Kessler 4-strand core suture and epitendinous interlocking suture repair combined with modified Kleinert protocol gives satisfactory results. Repair time is one of the most important factors affecting the functional results and surgery should not be delayed if there is an experienced surgeon available.Level of evidenceLevel IV, therapeutic study.

show abstract

Forces Transmitted Along Human Flexor Tendons During Passive and Active Movements of the Fingers

Cited by 35 publications

References 15 publications

Flexor tendon excursion and load during passive and active simulated motion: a cadaver study

Flexor tendon excursion and load during passive and active simulated motion: a cadaver study

Comparison of 1- and 2-Knot, 4-Strand, Double-Modified Kessler Tendon Repairs in a Porcine Model

Results of 4-strand modified Kessler core suture and epitendinous interlocking suture followed by modified Kleinert protocol for flexor tendon repairs in Zone 2

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