Plant Genomics: Unlocking the Genome of Wheat’s Progenitor

Uauy, Cristóbal

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.051

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It has been shown that subgenomes of a given allohexaploid species have redundant but also distinct functions, which may represent a major advantage of allopolyploidy over its diploid progenitors ( Shitsukawa et al., 2007 ; Yang et al., 2014 ; Uauy, 2017 ). Notably, we found that three TaSOS1 homoeologous genes showed a differential contribution to salt tolerance at different developmental stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hexaploid wheat presents broader adaptability to different environments and increasing the tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses compared with tetraploid wheat ( Dubcovsky and Dvorak, 2007 ; Feldman et al., 2012 ; Pallotta et al., 2014 ; Yang et al., 2014 ; Yang et al., 2018 ). Research increasingly suggests that the differential expression and functional diversification of homoeologous genes plays an important role in the evolutionary success of polyploidy wheat species ( Shitsukawa et al., 2007 ; Hu et al., 2013 ; Li et al., 2014 ; Yang et al., 2014 ; Uauy, 2017 ; Wang et al., 2018 ). Nevertheless, our understanding of the molecular basis underlying of these traits or the relative contributions of allohexaploidization on the trait development are still limited in hexaploid wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subgenome-biased expression and functional diversification of a Na+/H+ antiporter homoeologs in salt tolerance of polyploid wheat

Zeng

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Common wheat (Triticum aestivum, BBAADD) is an allohexaploid species combines the D genome from Ae. tauschii and with the AB genomes from tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum). Compared with tetraploid wheat, hexaploid wheat has wide-ranging adaptability to environmental adversity such as salt stress. However, little is known about the molecular basis underlying this trait. The plasma membrane Na+/H+ transporter Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) is a key determinant of salt tolerance in plants. Here we show that the upregulation of TaSOS1 expression is positively correlated with salt tolerance variation in polyploid wheat. Furthermore, both transcriptional analysis and GUS staining on transgenic plants indicated TaSOS1-A and TaSOS1-B exhibited higher basal expression in roots and leaves in normal conditions and further up-regulated under salt stress; while TaSOS1-D showed markedly lower expression in roots and leaves under normal conditions, but significant up-regulated in roots but not leaves under salt stress. Moreover, transgenic studies in Arabidopsis demonstrate that three TaSOS1 homoeologs display different contribution to salt tolerance and TaSOS1-D plays the prominent role in salt stress. Our findings provide insights into the subgenomic homoeologs variation potential to broad adaptability of natural polyploidy wheat, which might effective for genetic improvement of salinity tolerance in wheat and other crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subgenome-biased expression and functional diversification of a Na+/H+ antiporter homoeologs in salt tolerance of polyploid wheat

Zeng

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Of these, only A-, S- (closely related to B), and D -genome species were involved as subgenome donors to hexaploid common wheat ( Triticum aestivum , genome BBAADD). Common wheat is formed through two allopolyploidization events ( Uauy, 2017 ). Allotetraploidization between A and S genomes led to the speciation of wild allotetraploid wheat ( Triticum turgidum , genome BBAA) 0.5–0.8 million years ago ( Huang et al, 2002 ; Dvorak and Akhunov, 2005 ; Gornicki et al, 2014 ; Marcussen et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allotetraploidization between A and S genomes led to the speciation of wild allotetraploid wheat ( Triticum turgidum , genome BBAA) 0.5–0.8 million years ago ( Huang et al, 2002 ; Dvorak and Akhunov, 2005 ; Gornicki et al, 2014 ; Marcussen et al, 2014 ). Common wheat was formed following the combination of BBAA genome from domesticated allotetraploid wheat and DD genome from Aegilops tauschii via allohexaploidization 8,500–10,000 years ago ( Dubcovsky and Dvorak, 2007 ; Uauy, 2017 ). Although many studies have been conducted on the evolution of common wheat, less attention has been paid to the study of tetraploid wheat and its putative diploid progenitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Tolerance in a Synthetic Allotetraploid Wheat (SlSlAA) Is Similar to Its Higher Tolerant Parent Aegilops longissima (SlSl) and Linked to Flavonoids Metabolism

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Allotetraploidization between A and S (closely related to B) genome species led to the speciation of allotetraploid wheat (genome BBAA). However, the immediate metabolic outcomes and adaptive changes caused by the allotetraploidization event are poorly understood. Here, we investigated how allotetraploidization affected salinity tolerance using a synthetic allotetraploid wheat line (genome SlSlAA, labeled as 4x), its Aegilops longissima (genome SlSl, labeled as SlSl) and Triticum urartu (AA genome, labeled as AA) parents. We found that the degree of salinity tolerance of 4x was similar to its SlSl parent, and both were substantially more tolerant to salinity stress than AA. This suggests that the SlSl subgenome exerts a dominant effect for this trait in 4x. Compared with SlSl and 4x, the salinity-stressed AA plants did not accumulate a higher concentration of Na+ in leaves, but showed severe membrane peroxidation and accumulated a higher concentration of ROS (H2O2 and O2⋅⁣–) and a lesser concentration of flavonoids, indicating that ROS metabolism plays a key role in saline sensitivity. Exogenous flavonoid application to roots of AA plants significantly relieved salinity-caused injury. Our results suggest that the higher accumulation of flavonoids in SlSl may contribute to ROS scavenging and salinity tolerance, and these physiological properties were stably inherited by the nascent allotetraploid SlSlAA.

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“…According to the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), over 756 million tonnes of wheat grain was harvested from over 220 million ha of arable land in 2016/2017 (www.fao.org/faostat). Despite this, wheat lags behind other major cereals such as maize and rice, both in terms of yield, and the application of genomic tools for its improvement [1]. While the average worldwide yield grew almost 3-fold during the Green Revolution, driven by the expansion of irrigation, intensive use of fertilisers and advanced breeding [2]; the current average global wheat yield of ~3 tonnes per hectare is far below the crop's potential [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Modification for Wheat Improvement: From Transgenesis to Genome Editing

Borisjuk

Kishchenko

Eliby

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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To feed the growing human population, global wheat yields should increase to approximately 5 tonnes per ha from the current 3.3 tonnes by 2050. To reach this goal, existing breeding practices must be complemented with new techniques built upon recent gains from wheat genome sequencing, and the accumulated knowledge of genetic determinants underlying the agricultural traits responsible for crop yield and quality. In this review we primarily focus on the tools and techniques available for accessing gene functions which lead to clear phenotypes in wheat. We provide a view of the development of wheat transformation techniques from a historical perspective, and summarize how techniques have been adapted to obtain gain-of-function phenotypes by gene overexpression, loss-of-function phenotypes by expressing antisense RNAs (RNA interference or RNAi), and most recently the manipulation of gene structure and expression using site-specific nucleases, such as CRISPR/Cas9, for genome editing. The review summarizes recent successes in the application of wheat genetic manipulation to increase yield, improve nutritional and health-promoting qualities in wheat, and enhance the crop’s resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses.

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Plant Genomics: Unlocking the Genome of Wheat’s Progenitor

Abstract: The genome sequence and analysis of wheat's progenitor provides a roadmap to enhance genomics-assisted breeding and improvement of modern wheat varieties.

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Subgenome-biased expression and functional diversification of a Na+/H+ antiporter homoeologs in salt tolerance of polyploid wheat

Subgenome-biased expression and functional diversification of a Na+/H+ antiporter homoeologs in salt tolerance of polyploid wheat

Salinity Tolerance in a Synthetic Allotetraploid Wheat (SlSlAA) Is Similar to Its Higher Tolerant Parent Aegilops longissima (SlSl) and Linked to Flavonoids Metabolism

Genetic Modification for Wheat Improvement: From Transgenesis to Genome Editing

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