Ecology of blood stream infection and antibiotic resistance in intensive care unit at a tertiary care hospital in North India

Abstract

High frequencies of multidrug resistant organisms were observed in intensive care units which is a warning as to use the only few effective antimicrobials wisely to reduce selective pressure on sensitive strains.

Antibiotic resistance pattern in intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital

“…Our data also showed that there were more Gram-negative (50.96%) than Gram-positive isolates (49.04%), an observation very similar to that stated earlier by Wattal et al 14 This is not surprising since the former are known to develop resistance more rapidly and extensively than the latter. 15 Among the gram positive isolates, Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) was the most common blood culture isolate (35.58%) in this study (Figure 2).…”

“…Even among Gram negative bacteria, resistance to Beta lactams or combination of Beta lactams with Beta lactamase inhibitors was a dominant feature ( Table 2). The gram negative bacteria were however sensitive to Aminoglycosides, Colistin and Tigecycline to a variable extent, a trend very similar to that documented by Wattal et al 14 Authors found that Klebsiella pneumoniae was resistant to most of the commonly prescribed antibiotics like Piperacillin -Tazobactam, Meropenem, Amikacin and Tigecycline (Table 2). Authors also found that among the gram negative isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter species have emerged as problematic species in this ICU.…”

“…A similar trend in usage pattern has been observed in another study. 14 A lack of detailed data about resistance pattern in this region might have contributed to high use of resitant antibiotics in this setup. These results bring to light that a prior knowledge of the most common bacterial isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in a given region or a given ICU can help improve the prescribing patterns and support evidence based decisions to restrict or reduce the clinical availability of certain antibiotics.…”

Analysis of Intensive Care Units (ICUs) Blood stream Infections (BSI) in Kafkas University Health Research and Application Hospital

“…This result is found consistent with other studies [20][21][22]. CNS is member of the indigeneous micribiota of healthy peoples.…”

“…Also in this study, S. aureus and E.coli isolated from blood stream infections were detected more frequently in non ICU patients than ICU cases [20]. In another study conducted, 2846 positive samples isolated from blood cultures in ICU at a tertiary care hospital in North India were analysed by Wattal et al [21] and in their study CNS was the most prevalent pathogens isolated from blood cultures in ICU patients followed by Candida spp. in 20.3% and 17.5% respectively.…”