PLGA nanoparticles containing various anticancer agents and tumour delivery by EPR effect

PLGA-Based Nanoparticles as Cancer Drug Delivery Systems

“…For instance, PLGA 50:50 identifies a copolymer whose composition is 50% lactic acid and 50% glycolic acid (Vasir and Labhasetwar, 2007;Danhier et al, 2012). PLGA is a widely used polymer due to biocompatibility, longstanding track record in biomedical functions and welldocumented utility for continued drug release compared to the conventional devices up to days, weeks or months, and ease of parenteral administration via injection (Mundargi et al, 2008;Acharya and Sahoo, 2011).…”

“…(Acharya and Sahoo, 2011) These monomers are simply metabolized in the body via the Krebs cycle and removed as carbon dioxide and water (Jain, 2000;Panyam et al, 2002;Dinarvand et al, 2011). So result in minimal systemic toxicity.…”

“…So result in minimal systemic toxicity. (Acharya and Sahoo, 2011) PLGA is approved by the US FDA and European Medicine Agency (EMA) in different drug delivery systems in humans. The polymers are commercially accessible with diverse molecular weights and copolymer compositions.…”

“…Unfortunately, many tumour cells are not susceptible to VCR due to efflux from the tumour cells mediated by P-glycoprotein and associated proteins (Ambudkar et al, 2003;Borst et al, 2006;Acharya and Sahoo, 2011). The reason behind the association of drugs with colloidal carriers against drug resistance comes from the reality that P-glycoprotein probably identifies the drug to be effluxed out of the tumoural cell just when this drug is present in the plasma membrane.…”

“…This study also showed that two hydrophilic low-molecular-weight drugs, VCR and verapamil (VRP), a chemosensitiser, could be simultaneously entrapped into PLGA NPs, with a relatively high entrapment efficiency of 55.35±4.22% for VCR and 69.47±5.34% for VRP in small-sized particles of 100 nm. Furthermore, their studies showed that PLGA NPs simultaneously loaded with an anticancer drug and a chemosensitiser might be the formulation with the most probable in the treatment of drug-resistant cancers in vivo (Song et al, 2008;Song et al, 2009;Acharya and Sahoo, 2011).…”