Plant pathotoxins from Alternaria citri: The minor ACRL toxins

Kono, Yoshiki; Gardner, James A.; Suzuki, Yukiko; Takeuchi, Setsuo

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(85)80016-9

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…They were toxic to the host plants rough lemon and Rangpur Lime by leaf puncture assay and electrolyte leakage assay. These ACRL toxins were considered as the host-specific phytotoxins [118,119]. Alternaric acid (145) was isolated from the culture filtrates of Alternaria solani, the pathogen of early blight and collar rot diseases on tomato plants.…”

Section: Aromatic-free Pyronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Fungi

Xue

Shen

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Fungal phytotoxic secondary metabolites are poisonous substances to plants produced by fungi through naturally occurring biochemical reactions. These metabolites exhibit a high level of diversity in their properties, such as structures, phytotoxic activities, and modes of toxicity. They are mainly isolated from phytopathogenic fungal species in the genera of Alternaria, Botrytis, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Helminthosporium, and Phoma. Phytotoxins are either host specific or non-host specific phytotoxins. Up to now, at least 545 fungal phytotoxic secondary metabolites, including 207 polyketides, 46 phenols and phenolic acids, 135 terpenoids, 146 nitrogen-containing metabolites, and 11 others, have been reported. Among them, aromatic polyketides and sesquiterpenoids are the main phytotoxic compounds. This review summarizes their chemical structures, sources, and phytotoxic activities. We also discuss their phytotoxic mechanisms and structure–activity relationships to lay the foundation for the future development and application of these promising metabolites as herbicides.

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Section: Aromatic-free Pyronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Fungi

Xue

Shen

et al. 2021

Toxins

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“…Simple pyranones 118 – 149 from Alternaria fungi are shown in Figure 6 . Three phytotoxins, ACRL toxins I ( 140 ), II ( 141 ) and III ( 142 ), with an α-dihydropyrone ring were isolated from A. citri , the causal agent of lemon ( Citrus limon ) [ 75 , 76 ].…”

Section: Classification and Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolites from Alternaria Fungi and Their Bioactivities

et al. 2013

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Alternaria is a cosmopolitan fungal genus widely distributing in soil and organic matter. It includes saprophytic, endophytic and pathogenic species. At least 268 metabolites from Alternaria fungi have been reported in the past few decades. They mainly include nitrogen-containing metabolites, steroids, terpenoids, pyranones, quinones, and phenolics. This review aims to briefly summarize the structurally different metabolites produced by Alternaria fungi, as well as their occurrences, biological activities and functions. Some considerations related to synthesis, biosynthesis, production and applications of the metabolites from Alternaria fungi are also discussed.

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“…Some of this decrease can be attributed to brown spot damage. Alternaria Nees species produces host specifi c toxins (HSTs) of which two major groups exist in citrus, A. citri Ellis & N. Pierce tangerine (ACT)-toxins (Gardner et al, 1986) and A. citri rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush) (ACR)-toxins (Kono et al, 1985). The target site of the ACT-toxins is the plasma membrane, and ACR-toxin-1 is the mitochondrion (Kohmoto et al, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Linkage of an Alternaria Disease Resistance Gene in Mandarin Hybrids with RAPD Fragments

Dalkiliç¹,

Timmer²,

Gmitter³

2005

jashs

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The inheritance of resistance to a host-specific isolate (Shinn) of Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl. from `Minneola' tangelo (a cross between Citrus paradisi Macf. `Duncan' and C. reticulata Blanco `Dancy') was shown to be controlled by a single recessive allele, aaM1, within the citrus genome. A backcross between resistant `Clementine' mandarin (C. reticulata) and susceptible LB#8-10 (a hybrid of `Clementine' mandarin and `Minneola' tangelo) resulted in 61 resistant (R) and 58 susceptible (S) plants (χ2 = 0.0756, P ≥ 0.05), but the reciprocal cross deviated from the expected 1R:1S ratio (87 R and 36 S plants (χ2 = 21.1463, P ≥ 0.05). A dominant allele, AaM1, of this resistance gene was found in a loose coupling phase linkage with two RAPD markers, P12850 (15.3 cM) and AL31250 (36.7 cM), after JOINMAP computer analysis.

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Plant pathotoxins from Alternaria citri: The minor ACRL toxins

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Phytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Fungi

Phytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Fungi

Metabolites from Alternaria Fungi and Their Bioactivities

Linkage of an Alternaria Disease Resistance Gene in Mandarin Hybrids with RAPD Fragments

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