Early maladaptive schemas in adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Philipsen, Alexandra; Lam, Alexandra P.; Breit, Sigrid; Lücke, Caroline; Müller, Helge; Matthies, Swantje

doi:10.1007/s12402-016-0211-8

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Such specific problems are difficult to measure and compare by validated instruments, all the more so since different patients usually have their own specific combination of maladaptive schemas and related consequences. However, consequences of maladaptive schemas can often be closely linked to common comorbidities in ADHD patients, such as depression and anxiety, which are well known from the literature 26 and were confirmed in our recent study (see above) 19 . Thus, to obtain scientifically sound and comparable results, it might be feasible for a study on schema therapy in ADHD to focus on a subgroup of patients with a clearly defined comorbidity, such as depression, that is easily measurable and can be expected to improve under schema therapy.…”

Section: Schema Therapy In Adhd: Implications For Future Researchsupporting

confidence: 83%

New psychotherapeutic approaches in adult ADHD - acknowledging biographical factors

Lücke¹

2017

J Neurol Neuromedicine

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Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the standard form of psychotherapy currently used in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, biographical factors, such as chronic negative feedback in childhood, which may likely play a role in ADHD as a developmental disorder, are usually not substantially addressed by CBT. In recent years, schema therapy has received increasing attention as an effective therapy approach for chronic psychiatric disorders. A core feature of schema therapy is the identification and targeting of early maladaptive schemas, which are dysfunctional patterns and beliefs resulting from childhood experiences. Recently, two studies have demonstrated an increased prevalence of maladaptive schemas in adult ADHD. Thus, schema therapy might constitute a potentially promising approach in the treatment of ADHD, especially with regard to secondary problems such as poor coping strategies or impaired self-perception. However, randomized controlled clinical studies are needed to support that theory. Here, we provide an overview on the topic of biography-oriented therapy approaches in relation to adult ADHD, summarize current literature and discuss implications for future research.

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Section: Schema Therapy In Adhd: Implications For Future Researchsupporting

confidence: 83%

New psychotherapeutic approaches in adult ADHD - acknowledging biographical factors

Lücke¹

2017

J Neurol Neuromedicine

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“…BSL-95 total and subscale scores for n = 18 patients (missing data for one patient) are shown in Table 1. We used the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S2) for assessment of EMS (German version, as in [32,33]), based on Jeffrey Young's maladaptive schema model, which forms the core for schema therapy-based clinical interventions. The used version has 95 items to cover 19 maladaptive schemas.…”

Section: Study Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Brain structure and symptom dimensions in borderline personality disorder

et al. 2020

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Background. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) presents with symptoms across different domains, whose neurobiology is poorly understood. Methods. We applied voxel-based morphometry on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans of 19 female BPD patients and 50 matched female controls. Results. Group comparison showed bilateral orbitofrontal gray matter loss in patients, but no significant changes in the hippocampus. Voxel-wise correlation of gray matter with symptom severity scores from the Borderline Symptom List (BSL-95) showed overall negative correlation in bilateral prefrontal, right inferior temporal/fusiform and occipital cortices, and left thalamus. Significant (negative) correlations with BSL-95 subscores within the patient cohort linked autoaggression to left lateral prefrontal and insular cortices, right inferior temporal/temporal pole, and right orbital cortex; dysthymia/dysphoria to right orbitofrontal cortex; self-perception to left postcentral, bilateral inferior/middle temporal, right orbitofrontal, and occipital cortices. Schema therapy-based Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S2) scores of early maladaptive schemas on emotional deprivation were linked to left medial temporal lobe gray matter reductions. Conclusions. Our results confirm orbitofrontal structural deficits in BPD, while providing a framework and preliminary findings on identifying structural correlates of symptom dimensions in BPD, especially with dorsolateral and orbitofrontal cortices.

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“…Dies führt wiederum dazu, dass viele Betroffene ihre eigentlich vorhandenen Talente und Möglichkeiten nicht ausschöpfen. Darüber hinaus können die rezidivierenden negativen Lernerfahrungen und die damit einhergehende Verfestigung negativer kognitiver Denkschemata zu einer Entwicklung von Schuldgefühlen und Unzufriedenheit sowie auch von Depressivität und Angst führen [8,17].…”

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